A high strength Al-Mg 2 Si-Mg-Zn based alloy has been developed for the application in high pressure die casting to provide improved mechanical properties. The effect of various alloying elements on the microstructure and mechanical properties including yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and elongation of the alloy was investigated under the as-cast and heat-treated conditions. The typical composition of the high strength alloy has been optimised to be .%Mg 2 Si-6.0wt.%Mg-3.5wt.%Zn-0.6wt.%Mn (Al-11.0wt.%Mg-2.9wt.%Si-3.5wt.%Zn-0.6wt.%Mn) with unavoidable trace impurities. The mechanical properties of the alloy were enhanced by a quick solution treatment followed by ageing treatment. The improved tensile properties were at a level of yield strength over 300MPa, the ultimate tensile strength over 420MPa and the elongation over 3% assessed using international standard tensile samples made by high pressure die casting. The microstructure of the die-cast alloy consisted of the primary -Al phase, Al-Mg 2 Si eutectics, AlMgZn intermetallics and -AlFeMnSi intermetallics under the as-cast condition. The AlMgZn intermetallic compound was dissolved into the Al-matrix during solution treatment and subsequently precipitated during ageing treatment for providing the effective improvement of the mechanical properties. Key words: aluminium alloys; high pressure die casting; mechanical property; and microstructure.
IntroductionHigh pressure die casting (HPDC) is a well-developed manufacturing process and has been extensively used to cast aluminium alloys. In comparison with other casting methods, the advantages of HPDC process include [1,2]: (a) high productivity; (b) good dimensional accuracy and surface finish; (c) capable of providing high volume and economical production; (d) capable of making intricate shapes and thin wall castings; and (e) fine grain microstructure and good mechanical properties. However, the turbulent flow during die filling is an inherent problem in conventional HPDC process. This is fundamental for the formation of the internal defects [ 3,4 ], in particular porosities in die castings. Therefore it has limited the application of die castings as structural components [5,6]. In the past two decades, the application of lightweighting materials in transportation has been the driving force to develop structural components using HPDC process [ 7 ]. The successful development of vacuum assisted HPDC has provided the capability of producing thin-wall castings with much reduced porosities [8]. Therefore, heat treatment is applicable to enhance the mechanical properties of die castings. However, the existing aluminium alloys for HPDC process are mainly based on Al-Si, AlSi-Cu, and Al-Mg-Si systems [9,10]. Most of these alloys are not particularly suitable for the property enhancement by heat treatment, in particular not suitable for solution heat treatment. Although a quick solution treatment has been used for solution treatment of Al-Si-Cu alloys made by HPDC process [11], the currently available...