Microstructure and fatigue behavior of a laser additive manufactured 12CrNi2 low alloy steel

Effect of Water Environment on Fatigue Behavior in X80 High Strength Steel CO2 Arc Welding Welded Joint

“…{110}<111> slip system kept almost the same whether in air condition or in the presence of water, however, the Schmid factor of {112}< 111> and {123}< 111> in the water environment displayed the largest compared to that in air, which cogently indicates that fatigue cracks originated from grains with {112}<111> and {123}<111> slip systems and preferentially propagated through these two kinds of secondary slip systems. Similarly, the {123}<111> slip system was also found activated under fatigue cyclic loading by former studies [32,37]. Therefore, from the results above, we draw a conclusion that the water environment combined with ∆K does play an active role in driving the propagation of fatigue in X80 pipeline welded joint.…”

“…The kernel average misorientation (KAM) of the grains in the vicinity of the cracks plays a significant role in characterizing the fatigue crack propagation behavior, for the effect of KAM on engineering structural materials are mainly regarding to the plastic deformation [24]. KAM is qualified to display sufficient information about the misorientation of every grain in the detected area and more importantly, the plastic deformation of any single grain can be precisely calculated through this parameter [32,33]. In the present The kernel average misorientation (KAM) of the grains in the vicinity of the cracks plays a significant role in characterizing the fatigue crack propagation behavior, for the effect of KAM on engineering structural materials are mainly regarding to the plastic deformation [24].…”

Microstructure and corrosion behaviour of WC/NiCrBSi coatings by vacuum cladding

“…The Gibbs free energy of chemical reactions was calculated to analyse the mechanism of chromium carbide phase formation in the current study. According to the standard thermodynamic calculations, the following reactions might possibly take place during vacuum cladding [23]: From the thermodynamic calculation, it is seen that the Gibbs free energy of reactions (4) and (5) are −212.03 kJ mol −1 and −422.08 kJ mol −1 at 1180 °C, respectively, which indicates that the reaction can proceed spontaneously and form Cr 23 C 6 phase. Hence, the presence of the Cr 23 C 6 phase is seen in both of the coatings.…”

“…The Gibbs free energy of chemical reactions was calculated to analyse the mechanism of chromium carbide phase formation in the current study. According to the standard thermodynamic calculations, the following reactions might possibly take place during vacuum cladding [23]:…”

On the Features of Composite Coating, Based on Nickel Alloy and Aluminum–Iron Bronze, Processed by Direct Metal Deposition

“…Kies et al [ 16 ] considered the formation peculiarities, the mechanical properties, and the possibilities of preventing defects in the DED of high-manganese steels. Cui et al [ 17 ] studied the LMD process of 12CrNi2 steel and found relationships “process—microstructure—properties”. Kang et al [ 18 ] analyzed 24CrNiMo steel samples produced by the LMD method, particularly the micro-structure, grain size, and intensity of texture of single and multi-layers.…”