Microstructure and mechanical properties of friction welded steel-aluminum hybrid components after T6 heat treatment

A review on friction-based joining of dissimilar aluminum–steel joints

“…39,40 Dissimilar welding of Al-steel can be successfully welded by the friction welding process as solid state welding leads to overcome problems of dissimilar welding. [41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54] Cylindrical rods of Al-steel are generally welded by friction welding as it is most convenient for friction welding methodology. Process parameters such as rotational speed, axial pressure, time associated for heating, special edge preparations, use of interlayer, and holding of a specific material for rotation and stationary position are important as far as dissimilar Al-steel friction steel is concerned.…”

“…Process parameters such as rotational speed, axial pressure, time associated for heating, special edge preparations, use of interlayer, and holding of a specific material for rotation and stationary position are important as far as dissimilar Al-steel friction steel is concerned. [41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54] Special edge preparations and holding of the workpiece material are unique parameters in addition to the conventional parameters for dissimilar Al-steel friction welding as reported in some of the literature studies. 47,54 Heat generation in friction welding is mainly dependent on the aforementioned process parameters of rotational speed and time.…”

“…[41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54] Subsequently, the mechanical properties especially tensile strength and hardness are affected with variations in IMCs. 41,45,51 Higher rotational speed and frictional time lead to higher heat generation that consequently increases the formation of IMCs in the weld zone and deteriorated the mechanical properties. 41,45,51,54 The reaction layer of IMCs is found at the interface between Al and steel materials.…”

Cost analysis of T6 induction heat treatment for the aluminum-copper powder metal compacts

“…Among the aluminum alloys, the copper [17,18] component is the component that has the highest level of 2000 series [19,20] alloys, and this increases the hardness and resistance of the alloy. As the most significant factor for increasing the mechanical characteristics of aluminum alloys [21] by optimizing them, T6 heat treatment [22,23] comprises of the solution treated and artificial ageing processes. AL 2000 alloys are used in many areas like aircraft and computer parts, gears, shafts, hinge pins, valves and brake system components.…”

Ion Beam Processing for Sample Preparation of Hybrid Materials with Strongly Differing Mechanical Properties

“…The prerequisite for their usability is a high strength of the joining zone of the two materials. At the interface of steel and aluminum, intermetallic phases can form that limit the bond strength [9]. Since processing affects the phase evolution at the interface, it is mandatory to characterize the process-microstructure-property relationship in detail.…”