Microstructure and mechanical properties of Al/ZrC/TiC hybrid nanocomposite filler metals of tungsten inert gas welding fabricated by accumulative roll bonding
“…These results were expected due to poor dispersion in the metal matrix involving values greater than 0.75 wt% CNT. 4,6,15,17–20,22–24 Stainless steel-CNT composites were developed using a scalable chemical vapor infiltration process, but this method is still complex, and the results are lower when compared with conventional materials. 25 Figure 7.Vickers hardness superficial-free CNT, 0.75 and 1.50 wt% CNT content in the nanostructured wire with Ni-CNT analyzed in the cross-section of the welding.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…They have morphology similar to the nanostructured wire as shown in the Figure 1(b), which is very important because the weld metal incorporated this globular nickel and, consequently, CNTs. [20][21][22][23] Figure 3 displays Raman spectra characteristic peaks of nanotubes in the wire. 15 In addition, the Raman spectra for 0.75 and 1.5 wt% MWCNT are shown in Figure 3.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In another study, CNT/AZ31 magnesium composite filler rods of GTAW were fabricated by powder metallurgy, and after tests for solder mechanical properties were made with 1 wt% CNTs-reinforced weld, their tensile strength was incremented by 65% when compared with the unreinforced weld, 21 showing their potential as reinforcement in GTAW magnesium alloys. Furthermore, extensive research has shown the potential of nanomaterials for nanocomposites filler metal of GTAW as ZrO 2 , 22 ZrC, and TiC nanoparticles fabricated by accumulative roll bonding 23 and graphene nanosheets by using the mechanical alloying method. 24 On the other hand, a study revealed an improvement in stainless steel 316 L, using a chemical vapor infiltration process by CNT incorporation, with good results.…”
Carbon nanotubes have certain properties, such as 150 GPa tensile strength, a 1000 GPa shear modulus, an electrical conductivity of 60 S/m, and a high thermal conductivity of 2500 W/mk, that make them an optimum metallic matrix composite reinforcement. Otherwise, arc welding is a common industrial process that joins almost all metals. However, there are hardly any studies involving the addition of carbon nanotubes in stainless steel so far. In this research, we show the incorporation of an AWS 316L nanostructured wire with nickel-carbon nanotubes in austenitic stainless steel via pulsed gas tungsten arc welding, which formed nanocomposites with 0.75 and 1.5 wt% carbon nanotube contents in the wire. The characterization was performed by scanning electronic microscope, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The Vickers microhardness test was used to analyze the mechanical properties. The nanostructure composite had microstructure modification, and superficial microhardness improved in 35% for 0.75 wt% carbon nanotube.
“…These results were expected due to poor dispersion in the metal matrix involving values greater than 0.75 wt% CNT. 4,6,15,17–20,22–24 Stainless steel-CNT composites were developed using a scalable chemical vapor infiltration process, but this method is still complex, and the results are lower when compared with conventional materials. 25 Figure 7.Vickers hardness superficial-free CNT, 0.75 and 1.50 wt% CNT content in the nanostructured wire with Ni-CNT analyzed in the cross-section of the welding.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…They have morphology similar to the nanostructured wire as shown in the Figure 1(b), which is very important because the weld metal incorporated this globular nickel and, consequently, CNTs. [20][21][22][23] Figure 3 displays Raman spectra characteristic peaks of nanotubes in the wire. 15 In addition, the Raman spectra for 0.75 and 1.5 wt% MWCNT are shown in Figure 3.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In another study, CNT/AZ31 magnesium composite filler rods of GTAW were fabricated by powder metallurgy, and after tests for solder mechanical properties were made with 1 wt% CNTs-reinforced weld, their tensile strength was incremented by 65% when compared with the unreinforced weld, 21 showing their potential as reinforcement in GTAW magnesium alloys. Furthermore, extensive research has shown the potential of nanomaterials for nanocomposites filler metal of GTAW as ZrO 2 , 22 ZrC, and TiC nanoparticles fabricated by accumulative roll bonding 23 and graphene nanosheets by using the mechanical alloying method. 24 On the other hand, a study revealed an improvement in stainless steel 316 L, using a chemical vapor infiltration process by CNT incorporation, with good results.…”
Carbon nanotubes have certain properties, such as 150 GPa tensile strength, a 1000 GPa shear modulus, an electrical conductivity of 60 S/m, and a high thermal conductivity of 2500 W/mk, that make them an optimum metallic matrix composite reinforcement. Otherwise, arc welding is a common industrial process that joins almost all metals. However, there are hardly any studies involving the addition of carbon nanotubes in stainless steel so far. In this research, we show the incorporation of an AWS 316L nanostructured wire with nickel-carbon nanotubes in austenitic stainless steel via pulsed gas tungsten arc welding, which formed nanocomposites with 0.75 and 1.5 wt% carbon nanotube contents in the wire. The characterization was performed by scanning electronic microscope, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The Vickers microhardness test was used to analyze the mechanical properties. The nanostructure composite had microstructure modification, and superficial microhardness improved in 35% for 0.75 wt% carbon nanotube.
“…In recent trends, some researchers have tried to control the weld zone properties through nano-induced materials en route to modified fillers fabrication [20,21]. The most commonly adopted technique is to cast the strip of fillers with the desired foreign particles [22] inducement in the weldment.…”
The loss of mechanical properties in heat treatable aluminum alloys categories during arc fusion welding processes is a critical issue, which limits the direct application in contrast to different post-treatments methods. This work involved a strategy for the novel and distinctive formation of fillers using 3-mm-diameter (AA6061) tubes having MWCNTs and TiO 2 nanoparticles coating on the inner surface. A series of experiments were conducted using TIG welding to evaluate the effect of welding current and composition of inside coating (MWCNTs-TiO 2) contents on welding strength. Three gradually increasing current values (160 A, 180 A and 200 A) were selected and tested against three combinations of nanocomposite coatings that include 1 wt% MWCNTs-TiO 2 , 1.5 wt% MWCNTs-TiO 2 and 2 wt% MWCNTs-TiO 2. Acceptable qualified bonding between nanocomposite and inside surface is utmost important before conducting the experiments, Tape Test (ASTM-D3359-09 e2) was performed for the assessment of bonding conditions and led to qualitatively exceptional bonding conditions after applying vacuum heating cycle. Tensile test results have demonstrated a significant improvement of 34.20-45.65% strength using innovative nanocomposite coated semi-sectioned tube in comparison to tube fillers without coating. Meanwhile, a beneficial gradually forming W-shape microhardness profile in contrast to conventional U and V shape profiles was achieved at 1.5 and 2 wt% of MWCNTs, and the uplift of hardness in the WZ region up to 86.51% subjected to increase high MWCNTs contents in combination with the current. Therefore, it is concluded to be a virtuous strategy for reinforcing mechanism of weldments to encounter some fusion property loss in aluminum alloys.
“…Therefore, a number of researchers have attempted to create a novel fabrication of the composite filler metals with prospective mechanical properties by introducing ceramic particles to the filler metals in the past few years. M. Fattahi et al [5,6,7,8] added ceramic particles into the filler metals using the accumulative roll bonding (ARB) approach, which revealed that the ceramic particles refined the α-Al grains and the mechanical properties of the TIG welds were improved. Maximilian Sokoluk et al [9] applied salt-assisted nanoparticle incorporation and a hot extrusion process to produce composite filler metals.…”
A semi-solid stir casting mixed multi-pass rolling process was successfully employed to manufacture TiCp/Al-5Mg composite filler wires with different contents of TiC particles. The 5083-H116 aluminum alloys were joined by tungsten inert gas (TIG) using TiCp/Al-5Mg composite weld wires. The microstructure, mechanical properties, fractography and corrosion behavior of the welds were evaluated. The results revealed that TiC particles were distributed in the welds uniformly and effectively refined the primary α-Al grains. The hardness and tensile strength of the welds were improved by increasing the TiC particle content, which could be attributed to the homogeneous distribution of TiC particles and the microstructure in the weld joints. Potentiodynamic polarization testing revealed that the corrosion resistance of the welds also increased with the addition of TiC particle contents. In addition, the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) susceptibility of the welds decreased as micro-TiC particles were introduced into the welds. The electronic structure of the Al/TiC interface was investigated by first principle calculation. The calculation showed that valence electrons tended to be localized in the region of the TiC-Al interface, corresponding to an addition of the overall work function, which hinders the participation of electrons in the composite in corrosion reactions.
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