Microstructure and mechanical properties of Laves phase-reinforced Fe–Zr–Cr alloys

Scudino, Sergio; Donnadieu, P.; Surreddi, Kumar Babu; Nikolowski, Kristian; Stoica, M.; Eckert, J.

doi:10.1016/j.intermet.2009.01.007

Cited by 41 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…[21][22][23]. The C14 and C15 phases are more commonly observed in MH alloys, whereas the C36 phase may exist between the C14 and C15 phases [24] but is difficult to identify using X-ray diffraction (XRD) [25,26]. Alloys with both C14 and C15 crystal structures serve as hydrogen-storage (H-storage) alloys and electrode materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

C14 Laves Phase Metal Hydride Alloys for Ni/MH Batteries Applications

2017

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C14 Laves phase alloys play a significant role in improving the performance of nickel/metal hydride batteries, which currently dominate the 1.2 V consumer-type rechargeable battery market and those for hybrid electric vehicles. In the current study, the properties of C14 Laves phase based metal hydride alloys are reviewed in relation to their electrochemical applications. Various preparation methods and failure mechanisms of the C14 Laves phase based metal hydride alloys, and the influence of all elements on the electrochemical performance, are discussed. The contributions of some commonly used constituting elements are compared to performance requirements. The importance of stoichiometry and its impact on electrochemical properties is also included. At the end, a discussion section addresses historical hurdles, previous trials, and future directions for implementing C14 Laves phase based metal hydride alloys in commercial nickel/metal hydride batteries.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

C14 Laves Phase Metal Hydride Alloys for Ni/MH Batteries Applications

2017

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“…From these ingots, cylindrical bulk samples with different diameters ( Φ = 1, 2, 3 and 4 mm) and 80 mm length were prepared by copper mold casting. According to a previous study [16], for nominal composition Fe 80 Zr 10 Cr 10, the as-cast material is composed of essentially two phases: ferrite and hexagonal C14/C36 Laves phases; C15 Laves phase can be present at a minor level. Phase analysis was carried out by x-ray diffraction (XRD) to check for the presence of the expected phases using a STOE Stadi P diffractometer (Mo-K α 1 radiation).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a previous work on the Fe–Zr–Cr alloys [16], we have shown that owing to the composition choice (Fe 80 Zr 10 Cr 10 ) it was possible to favor the formation of the hexagonal C14/C36 Laves phase instead of the cubic C15 Laves phases and further improve significantly the ductility. In view of pushing further the optimization of these in situ composites, changing the microstructure scale appears as another option to investigate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In situ composites containing Laves phases and a simple alloy can be produced by solidification; moreover, due to the abundance of Laves phases, a eutectic mixture is frequently obtained. For instance, in binary alloy, eutectic ferrite-Fe 2 Ti Laves phase alloys can be obtained [15]; interestingly in the ternary Fe 90-x Zr 10 Cr x alloys a series of eutectic mixtures can be synthesized that are formed by ferrite and either the C15 Laves or the C14/36 Laves phases depending on the Cr content [16]. For both the Fe–Ti and Fe–Zr–Cr systems, the alloys display a microstructure of alternating ferrite and Laves phase lamellae and exhibit a good combination of strength and ductility at room temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deformation at ambient and high temperature ofin situLaves phases-ferrite composites

Donnadieu

Pohlmann

Scudino

et al. 2014

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

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The mechanical behavior of a Fe80Zr10Cr10 alloy has been studied at ambient and high temperature. This Fe80Zr10Cr10 alloy, whoose microstructure is formed by alternate lamellae of Laves phase and ferrite, constitutes a very simple example of an in situ CMA phase composite. The role of the Laves phase type was investigated in a previous study while the present work focuses on the influence of the microstructure length scale owing to a series of alloys cast at different cooling rates that display microstructures with Laves phase lamellae width ranging from ∼50 nm to ∼150 nm. Room temperature compression tests have revealed a very high strength (up to 2 GPa) combined with a very high ductility (up to 35%). Both strength and ductility increase with reduction of the lamella width. High temperature compression tests have shown that a high strength (900 MPa) is maintained up to 873 K. Microstructural study of the deformed samples suggests that the confinement of dislocations in the ferrite lamellae is responsible for strengthening at both ambient and high temperature. The microstructure scale in addition to CMA phase structural features stands then as a key parameter for optimization of mechanical properties of CMA in situ composites.

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“…The diffraction pattern of C36 structure is very similar to that of C14, another hexagonal Laves phase structure, and cannot be easily distinguished by X-ray diffraction (XRD) or neutron diffraction analyses [53]. Electron diffraction patterns observed by transmission electron microscope were used to differentiate the C14 from C36 structure [54]. In the TiCr 2 alloy, the activation energy of C14/C36 transformation is only about 0.5 kJ/mol [55].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%