Microstructure and mechanical properties of pulsed Nd:YAG laser welding of st37 carbon steel

Kumar, Pramod; Sinha, Amar Nath

doi:10.1016/j.procs.2018.07.125

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In terms of mechanical properties, the optimisation of the welding parameters (laser power and pulse duration) performed in DP600 steel generated true stress values in the weld very similar to the BM (between 700 and 800 MPa), and the failures did not occur in the FZ [57]. An- [52]; St14 steel (D), and its FZ (E) [53]; AISI 1005 (F), and its HAZ (G) and FZ (H) [21]; S700MC steel (I), and its HAZ (J) and FZ (K) [54]; and twinning induced plasticity (TWIP) steel (L) and its electron back-scatter diffraction (EBSD) map (M) [55].…”

Section: Dual Phase (Dp)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Investigations developed with pulsed joints on low carbon steel have demonstrated heterogeneous characteristics in the microstructure of the FZ. In the St37 steel, the microstructure of this zone was composed of coarse ferrite grains with few distributions of martensite, while the HAZ contained recrystallised fine grains (Figure 7A-C) [52]. In the St4 steel, as the heat input applied was diminishing, the structure of the FZ changed from fine columnar to coarse dendrites as a consequence of the decreased cooling rates, and for this reason the microstructure varied from grain boundary ferrite to Widmanstätten ferrite, bainite, and martensite (Figure 7D,E) [53].…”

Section: Low Alloy and Carbon Steelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 7. Pulsed laser weldments made of low alloy and carbon steels: St37 steel (A), and its heataffected zone (HAZ) (B) and FZ (C)[52]; St14 steel (D), and its FZ (E)[53]; AISI 1005 (F), and its HAZ (G) and FZ (H)[21]; S700MC steel (I), and its HAZ (J) and FZ (K)[54]; and twinning induced plasticity (TWIP) steel (L) and its electron back-scatter diffraction (EBSD) map (M)[55].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Pulsed Laser Welding Applied to Metallic Materials—A Material Approach

Chludzinski

Santos

Churiaque

et al. 2021

Metals

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Joining metallic alloys can be an intricate task, being necessary to take into account the material characteristics and the application in order to select the appropriate welding process. Among the variety of welding methods, pulsed laser technology is being successfully used in the industrial sector due to its beneficial aspects, for which most of them are related to the energy involved. Since the laser beam is focused in a concentrated area, a narrow and precise weld bead is created, with a reduced heat affected zone. This characteristic stands out for thinner material applications. As a non-contact process, the technique delivers flexibility and precision with high joining quality. In this sense, the present review addresses the most representative investigations developed in this welding process. A summary of these technological achievements in metallic metals, including steel, titanium, aluminium, and superalloys, is reported. Special attention is paid to the microstructural formation in the weld zone. Particular emphasis is given to the mechanical behaviour of the joints reported in terms of microhardness and strength performance. The main purpose of this work was to provide an overview of the results obtained with pulsed laser welding technology in diverse materials, including similar and dissimilar joints. In addition, outlook and remarks are addressed regarding the process characteristics and the state of knowledge.

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Section: Dual Phase (Dp)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Low Alloy and Carbon Steelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pulsed Laser Welding Applied to Metallic Materials—A Material Approach

Chludzinski

Santos

Churiaque

et al. 2021

Metals

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“…The specific feature of LBW of high energy density and greater welding speed reduces the thickness of reactive interlayer and restricts the formation of intermetallic phase during dissimilar joining of materials [1]. The LBW are of two types based on energy transfer mode and depth of penetration, namely conduction and keyhole welding [3]. Moreover, the capital cost of laser welding is significantly higher than the traditional fusion processes although it can be compensated with high and excellent joint quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling of Welding Parameters on Bead Geometry in Nd: Yag Laser Welding of Titanium With Ti-6al-7nb Using Response Surface (Rsm)

2020

jcr

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Pulsed laser welding is a powerful technique especially suitable for joining thin sheet metals. In this study, based on experimental data, pulsed laser welding of thin Cp-Ti and Ti-6Al-7Nb sheets has been optimized. The experimental data required for modeling are gathered as per Central Composite Design matrix in Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with full replication of 30 runs. Response Surface Methodology is used to investigate the effect of four input variables, namely: type of workpiece (WP), pulse energy (PE), pulse duration (Ton), welding speed (WS) and on the depth of penetration and bead width in YAG laser welding process.To study the proposed second-order polynomial model for DOP and BW, a Central Composite Design is used for estimating the model coefficients of the four input factors on DOP and BW. Experiments were conducted on Cp-Ti alloy with Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy. The significant coefficients are obtained by performing an Analysis of Variance at the 5 % level of significance. The results revealed that DOP and BW are more influenced by type of workpiece, pulse energy, pulse duration, welding speed and few of their interactions. A mathematical regression model was developed to predict both of DOP and BW in YAG laser welding. Also, the developed model could be used for the selection of the levels in this process for saving in welding time.

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“…There can be a signi cant interaction between metal surfaces and solid state lasers, with beam delivery advantages. Hence, solid state lasers are among the most commonly used types of lasers used for material processing; Nd-YAG type lasers belong to this category [9,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Welding Parameters on Dissimilar Pulsed Laser Joint between Nickel-Based Alloy Hastelloy X and Austenitic Stainless Steel AISI 304L

2019

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The present study aims to investigate the strength and microstructure of dissimilar weld joints composed of Hastelloy X, i.e., a nickel-based superalloy, and austenitic stainless steel 304L. Nd-YAG solid-state pulsed laser is used to perform welding between these two alloys. The e ects of welding speed, laser power, and pulse width on the joint strength are studied by changing the values of the mentioned parameters. Then, the test samples were adopted to conduct uniaxial tensile tests at room temperature. The results obtained from the uniaxial tensile tests showed that the pulse width and laser beam power had maximum e ects on the strength of the joint. Results also indicated that a dissimilar joint with the highest quality could be obtained by optimizing the welding power, beam pulse width, and welding speed. Given the selected parameters for laser welding, the tensile strength of the joint was equal to 95.5% of the weaker alloy strength (AISI 304L), which showed excellent quality of the weld. Furthermore, changes in the composition of the constituting elements of the joint were investigated using the Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) tests and scanning electron microscope. The results of the EDS tests indicated that a change in the composition of the constituting elements in this zone occurred on a regular basis.

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Microstructure and mechanical properties of pulsed Nd:YAG laser welding of st37 carbon steel

Cited by 14 publications

References 10 publications

Pulsed Laser Welding Applied to Metallic Materials—A Material Approach

Pulsed Laser Welding Applied to Metallic Materials—A Material Approach

Modelling of Welding Parameters on Bead Geometry in Nd: Yag Laser Welding of Titanium With Ti-6al-7nb Using Response Surface (Rsm)

Effect of Welding Parameters on Dissimilar Pulsed Laser Joint between Nickel-Based Alloy Hastelloy X and Austenitic Stainless Steel AISI 304L

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