Microstructure and mechanical properties of laser welded TC4 titanium alloy/304 stainless steel joint with (CoCrFeNi)100-xCux high-entropy alloy interlayer

Hao, Xiaohu; Dong, Honggang; Xia, Yueqing; Li, Peng

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.06.225

Cited by 83 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The welding technology is one of the most common methods to connect titanium alloy with steel materials, such as diffusion welding 4 – 6 , Tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding 7 , 8 , friction welding 9 – 13 , soldering 14 , electron beam welding 15 – 20 , and laser arc welding etc. 21 – 23 . However, due to large differences in the physical and crystalline chemical properties of the titanium and steel alloys (e.g., specific heat capacity, Ti: 539.1 J/kg·K, Fe: 481.5 J/kg·K; thermal conductivity, Ti:13.8 W/m·K, Fe:66.7 W/MGk; expansion factor, Ti: 8.20 × 10 –6 ·K -1 , Fe:11.76 × 10–6·K −1 ), consequence large distributed residual stress after welding process and would induce cold cracks and delayed cracks or exfoliation of the compound layers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of heat input on interfacial characterization of the butter joint of hot-rolling CP-Ti/Q235 bimetallic sheets by Laser + CMT

Zhu

Liu

Gou

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

142

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Composite structures made of 2 mm-thick titanium and 10 mm-thick carbon steel are widely used in infrastructures such as long-distance gas transportation. However, cracking, which is caused by intermetallic compounds (ICs), is a dominate failure mode in welds of this structure. Thus, a common way to improve the in-service life of is reduce the number of ICs. In this paper, we employ a novel hybrid welding method to fabricate composite structures of TA2 titanium and Q235 carbon steel. Specifically, Ti and carbon steel is welded by laser and double Cold Metal Transfer (CMT) welding, respectively. The microstructure near the interface of Ti and steel is then examined using SEM, EBSD, EDS, with emphasis on the ICs in terms of chemical elements and morphologies. Results show that FeTi and Fe2Ti are the main ICs near the interface, and responsible for the failure of the welds. The effect of welding heat input on the formation of ICs is investigated as well. Results show that ICs are smaller when the heat input is low. Under low heat input circumstance, the tensile strength of the weld can reach up to 420 MPa.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of heat input on interfacial characterization of the butter joint of hot-rolling CP-Ti/Q235 bimetallic sheets by Laser + CMT

Zhu

Liu

Gou

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

142

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“…Titanium exhibits the highest strength ratio of any metal suitable for medical application as a biomaterial [ 81 , 82 ]. Titanium is lighter than stainless steel by approximately 56% but possesses twice the yield strength and an ultimate tensile strength that is approximately greater by 25% [ 83 , 84 ].…”

Section: Functional Properties Of Titanium Alloys Used In Biomedical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A state-of-the-art review of the fabrication and characteristics of titanium and its alloys for biomedical applications

et al. 2021

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Commercially pure titanium and titanium alloys have been among the most commonly used materials for biomedical applications since the 1950s. Due to the excellent mechanical tribological properties, corrosion resistance, biocompatibility, and antibacterial properties of titanium, it is getting much attention as a biomaterial for implants. Furthermore, titanium promotes osseointegration without any additional adhesives by physically bonding with the living bone at the implant site. These properties are crucial for producing high-strength metallic alloys for biomedical applications. Titanium alloys are manufactured into the three types of α, β, and α + β. The scientific and clinical understanding of titanium and its potential applications, especially in the biomedical field, are still in the early stages. This review aims to establish a credible platform for the current and future roles of titanium in biomedicine. We first explore the developmental history of titanium. Then, we review the recent advancement of the utility of titanium in diverse biomedical areas, its functional properties, mechanisms of biocompatibility, host tissue responses, and various relevant antimicrobial strategies. Future research will be directed toward advanced manufacturing technologies, such as powder-based additive manufacturing, electron beam melting and laser melting deposition, as well as analyzing the effects of alloying elements on the biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, and mechanical properties of titanium. Moreover, the role of titania nanotubes in regenerative medicine and nanomedicine applications, such as localized drug delivery system, immunomodulatory agents, antibacterial agents, and hemocompatibility, is investigated, and the paper concludes with the future outlook of titanium alloys as biomaterials. Graphic abstract

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“…In addition to structural, high temperature, and irradiation resistant applications [2,3], its utilization as a filler material [4] and diffusion barrier [5] is also being explored. Hao et al used (CoCrFeNi) 100-x Cu x high-entropy alloy as a filler metal between 304 stainless steel and TC4 titanium alloy and produced a reliable joint with 158-161 MPa tensile strength and 803 HV hardness [4]. The Cu-and Ti-rich phases were observed in the microstructures of transition zones [4].…”

Section: High-entropy Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hao et al used (CoCrFeNi) 100-x Cu x high-entropy alloy as a filler metal between 304 stainless steel and TC4 titanium alloy and produced a reliable joint with 158-161 MPa tensile strength and 803 HV hardness [4]. The Cu-and Ti-rich phases were observed in the microstructures of transition zones [4]. Tsai et al explored the applications of AlMoNbSiTaTiVZr HEA as a diffusion barrier by depositing layers of Cu and AlMoNbSiTaTiVZr using magnetron sputtering [5].…”

Section: High-entropy Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dissimilar metal joints can be developed using spark plasma sintering (SPS), hot isostatic pressing (HIP), hot rolling, explosive welding (EXW) [20], and/or magnetic pulse welding (MPW) [21]. The transition zones may exhibit regions enriched/depleted in certain elements [4]; hence, the The dissimilar metal joints can be developed using spark plasma sintering (SPS), hot isostatic pressing (HIP), hot rolling, explosive welding (EXW) [20], and/or magnetic pulse welding (MPW) [21]. The transition zones may exhibit regions enriched/depleted in certain elements [4]; hence, the successful development of dissimilar metal joint using HEI without IMCs will require optimization of experimental conditions (compressive load/pressure, temperature, interlayer's initial thickness, holding time, surface roughness, etc.).…”

Section: Experimental Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Can High-Entropy Interlayers Develop Intermetallic-Free Welded Joints of Dissimilar Metals?

Waseem

2020

Eng

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The joining of two chemically dissimilar metals is a challenge due to the formation of hard and brittle intermetallic compounds (IMCs) in the diffusion layer. The joining of steel/Fe with aluminum (Al) and zirconium (Zr) alloy is particularly important for the automobile and nuclear industries, respectively. The Al–steel and Zr–steel joints produced by conventional fusion welding exhibit IMCs. The IMCs can enhance brittleness and cause catastrophic failure. This concept paper presents a novel idea of suppressing IMCs in welded joints using a high-entropy interlayer (HEI). It also discusses the potential candidates for HEIs and inspires research to exploit this new and promising research area.

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Microstructure and mechanical properties of laser welded TC4 titanium alloy/304 stainless steel joint with (CoCrFeNi)100-xCux high-entropy alloy interlayer

Cited by 83 publications

References 27 publications

Effect of heat input on interfacial characterization of the butter joint of hot-rolling CP-Ti/Q235 bimetallic sheets by Laser + CMT

Effect of heat input on interfacial characterization of the butter joint of hot-rolling CP-Ti/Q235 bimetallic sheets by Laser + CMT

A state-of-the-art review of the fabrication and characteristics of titanium and its alloys for biomedical applications

Can High-Entropy Interlayers Develop Intermetallic-Free Welded Joints of Dissimilar Metals?

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