Microstructure and Stress Dependence of the Magnetic Properties of Steels

Benefits of GMR sensors for high spatial resolution NDT applications

“…8 (c)) using the aforementioned GMR sensor. The higher dislocation density in the plastic zones causes a permeability drop [27,29,33] and, therefore, the SF indications are similar to the crack signals commonly observed in magnetic flux leakage testing. The specimen edges usually exhibit the highest SF magnitudes (Fig.…”

“…A ferromagnetic sample appears to be macroscopically non-magnetic, when the individual domains are randomly oriented and, therefore, compensate each other [27,28]. Particularly, at low fields the microstructure of ferromagnetic materials has a significant influence on magnetic parameters such as coercitivity, permeability, and dissipation [28,29].…”

Magnetic Materials Characterization and Modeling for the Enhanced Design of Magnetic Shielding of Cryomodules in Particle Accelerators

“…After annealing, the equilibrium microstructures are obtained in these materials, resulting in higher magnetic permeability (Appendix 2.C) [57][58].…”

“…These microstructures are generated when both of these materials go through deformation or annealing. After annealing, the equilibrium microstructures are obtained in these materials, resulting in higher magnetic permeability[57][58].…”

Non-Destructive Testing for Ageing Management of Nuclear Power Components

“…Depending on the magnetic process performance irreversible and reversible processes have to be distinguished. Techniques using irreversible processes take advantage of the nonlinearities of the hysteresis which are the result of the above mentioned Bloch-wall jumps and rotational processes (Jiles, 1990). A distortion factor K can be derived from a Fourier analysis of one period of the time-signal of the magnetic tangential field strength H t which is measured by a Hall element.…”