Microstructure and tensile properties of 45WCrV7 tool steel after deep cryogenic treatment

AISI S1 Tool Steel after Deep Cryogenic Treatment: Tensile Properties and Microstructure

“…This method detected new carbides (Fe 3 C, M 6 C and Cr 3 C 2 ) which could not be detected by SEM in the previous research [17]. According to the second mechanism of precipitation of , during DCT, there would be appropriate places around PCs for the precipitation of carbides (SCs or TCs).…”

“…For example, for 36 h of soaking time at h of tempering time was needed to achieve maximum tensile toughness. For 48 h of soaking time at corresponding tempering time was 2 h. In other words, with increase in the tempering time, longer soaking time wa required for obtaining maximum tensile toughness, because tempering after DCT caused more reduction of residual stress than tempering after conventional treatment words, increasing DCT duration produced more dislocations [17,18], which needed increasing tempering time (at constant tempering temperature) to obtain high tensile toughness. …”

“…Fig. 9(c) shows STEM map of M and Cr 3 C 2 carbides and retained austenite in the ferrite matrix, which was taken from the same area of about 80000 nm method detected new carbides (Fe could not be detected by SEM in the According to the second mechanism of precipitation of carbides (SCs or TCs) [17], during DCT, there would be appropriate places around PCs for the precipitation of carbides (SCs or TCs). At low tempering temperature, diffusion was more difficult.…”

Microstructure and Tensile Toughness Correlation of 1.2542 Tool Steel after Deep Cryogenic Treatment

“…Also, Khoneshlou et al (2011) demonstrated that tempering after and/or before of DCT improved 20% of impact toughness of H13 hot work tool steel with respect to conventional heat treatment. In addition, Vahdat et al (2013) reported 12-35% improvement in tensile toughness for 1.2542 cold work die steel by DCT compared with the conventional treatment.…”

Design of Metal Matrix Composite with Particle Reinforcement

“…Furthermore, uniformity of properties in these materials is a requirement for using very fine reinforcements that are almost finer than one micron and are highly dispersed, which leads to problems like agglomeration of reinforcement [1]. Similar to behavior of composites, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image of debonding M 23 C 6 particles from matrix of deep cryogenic treated 45WCrV7 [2] and AISI D2 [3] steels, and that of breaking down M 7 C 3 particles have been observed [3]. Also, in force-displacement (F-∆L) curve of deep cryogenic treated 1.2542 steel, the elastic part contains several slopes [4].…”