Microstructure and tensile response of friction stir welded Al–Cu–Li (AA2198-T8) alloy

Nayan, Niraj; Yadava, Manasij; Sarkar, Rajdeep; Murty, S. V. S. Narayana; Gurao, N.P.; Mahesh, S.; Prasad, M.J.N.V.; Samajdar, Indradev

doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2019.110002

Cited by 31 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Figures 7(a)-(c) show the TEM images of the base metal. The figures show that there are laminar-like T 1 phases arranged in a specific direction in the BM sample, which has been indicated by other researchers [11,14,15]. In addition to the T 1 phase, some θ′ phase was observed.…”

Section: Empirical Equationsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…FSW is a solid-state, autogenously process without melting [6][7][8] and is extensively applied in joining Al-Li alloys [9,10]. In general, the welded parts by using FSW method are divided into a base material (BM), heat affected zone (HAZ), thermal-mechanical affect zone (TMAZ) and weld nugget zone (WNZ) [10], thus each zone shows different microstructure [11][12][13]. The precipitates in the BM primarily consist of T 1 (Al 2 CuLi) and θ´(Al 2 Cu) phases [11,14,15], while in HAZ the phases are δ′ (Al 3 Li) [14,[16][17][18][19], while there are reports show S′ (Al 2 CuMg) phase in HAZ [10,[20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, the welded parts by using FSW method are divided into a base material (BM), heat affected zone (HAZ), thermal-mechanical affect zone (TMAZ) and weld nugget zone (WNZ) [10], thus each zone shows different microstructure [11][12][13]. The precipitates in the BM primarily consist of T 1 (Al 2 CuLi) and θ´(Al 2 Cu) phases [11,14,15], while in HAZ the phases are δ′ (Al 3 Li) [14,[16][17][18][19], while there are reports show S′ (Al 2 CuMg) phase in HAZ [10,[20][21][22]. In terms of WNZ, which is affected by both thermomechanical and stirring, both δ′ and β′ (Al 3 Zr) are the major strengthening phases [14,16,23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical behavior associated with metallurgical aspects of friction stir welded Al–Li alloy exposed to exfoliation corrosion test

Baiyao

Zhang

Khoshnaw

2020

Mater. Res. Express

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This research aims to investigate the effect of the exfoliation corrosion exposure time on the mechanical properties, the strength and elongation, of friction stir welded Al-Li alloy type 2195-T8. The exfoliation corrosion test was performed using the exfoliation corrosion (EXCO) solution, based on ASTM G34. The samples were exposed to different exposure times 24,48, 96, 192 and 384 h. The results showed that both the strength and elongation of the welded specimens-exposed to the exfoliation corrosion tests-were reduced. For example, the samples that were exposed to 384 h, their initial tensile strength and elongation were reduced by 13% and 17% respectively. The degradation process due to the exfoliation corrosion on the tensile strength was divided into three stages: fast (0-96 h: 443.7 MPa-416.3 MPa, the degraded rate was 0.29 MPa/h), steady (96-192 h: 416.3 MPa-413.4 MPa, the degraded rate was 0.03 MPa h −1 ) and medium rate MPa, the degraded rate was 0.14 MPa h −1 ). For the elongation, in general, the reduction was similar to the style of strength, but with different rates. The TEM images showed that this degradation was due to the dissolution of T 1 (Al 2 CuLi) and S′ (Al 2 CuMg) phase. Also, the corrosion products and their role of adherence on the surface of the tested specimens were investigated. An empirical equation p-t (mechanical properties-exposure time) was established to calculate the effect of exposure corrosion time on the performance of welded specimens.

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Section: Empirical Equationsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical behavior associated with metallurgical aspects of friction stir welded Al–Li alloy exposed to exfoliation corrosion test

Baiyao

Zhang

Khoshnaw

2020

Mater. Res. Express

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“…Low-heat-input welding: such as laser beam welding (LBW), friction stir welding (FSW), and cold metal transfer (CMT) welding. To improve the mechanical properties of age-hardening aluminum alloy joints welded by the low heat input technique, researchers have focused on how to eliminate welding defects [ 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ], optimize welding parameters [ 45 , 46 , 47 ] and innovate the technique [ 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Techniques for Improvement of Softening Behavior of Age-Hardening Aluminum Alloy Welded Joints

et al. 2021

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The softening phenomenon of age-hardening aluminum alloy-welded joints is severe during conventional fusion welding, which increases the likelihood of stress and strain concentration in the joint during the period of service, significantly reduces the mechanical properties compared to the base metal, and represents an obstacle to the exploration of the potential structural performance. This review paper focuses on an overview of the softening phenomenon. Firstly, the welding softening mechanism and the characteristics of age-hardening aluminum alloys are clarified. Secondly, the current main research methods that can effectively improve joint softening are summarized into three categories: low-heat-input welding, externally assisted cooling during welding, and post-weld treatment. The strengthening mechanism and performance change rule of age-hardening aluminum alloy joints are systematically analyzed. Finally, this paper considers the future development trends of further research on joint softening, and it is expected that interest in this topic will increase.

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“…However, the development of localized corrosion in the new generation alloys is still a great concern. Severe localized corrosion in Al‐Cu‐Li alloys has been associated with hexagonal T1 phase (Al 2 CuLi), which is preferentially located in regions of high dislocation density 3–14 . This leads to severe localized corrosion 13,15,16 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion protection of the AA2198‐T8 alloy by environmentally friendly organic‐inorganic sol‐gel coating based on bis‐1,2‐(triethoxysilyl) ethane

Klumpp

Donatus

Silva

et al. 2020

Surface & Interface Analysis

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In this work, a surface coating composed of organic‐inorganic hybrid sol‐gel based on bis‐1,2‐(triethoxysilyl) (BTSE) ethane was applied on AA2198‐T8 samples, and its effect on corrosion resistance was investigated and compared with that of a chromate layer formed in a solution with hexavalent chromium ions. The corrosion resistance of BTSE coated samples was evaluated by immersion tests in sodium chloride solution (0.005 mol/L NaCl) and monitored by global electrochemical techniques such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and local electrochemical techniques such as scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET) and scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). The formed coating layers were characterized by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results pointed out that the BTSE is an effective alternative coating for corrosion protection of new generation Al‐Cu‐Li alloys and could replace chromates obtained in toxic and carcinogenic CrVI containing solutions leading to improved corrosion protection.

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Microstructure and tensile response of friction stir welded Al–Cu–Li (AA2198-T8) alloy

Cited by 31 publications

References 53 publications

Mechanical behavior associated with metallurgical aspects of friction stir welded Al–Li alloy exposed to exfoliation corrosion test

Mechanical behavior associated with metallurgical aspects of friction stir welded Al–Li alloy exposed to exfoliation corrosion test

Review of Techniques for Improvement of Softening Behavior of Age-Hardening Aluminum Alloy Welded Joints

Corrosion protection of the AA2198‐T8 alloy by environmentally friendly organic‐inorganic sol‐gel coating based on bis‐1,2‐(triethoxysilyl) ethane

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