Microstructure-based modelling of isotropic and kinematic strain hardening in a precipitation-hardened aluminium alloy

Quench induced residual stress prediction in heat treatable 7xxx aluminium alloy thick plates using Gleeble interrupted quench tests

“…The use of Eq. (3), which considers only isotropic hardening, is justified by low plastic strains (of the order of 1% in quenching) together with the low Bauschinger effect for under-aged states reported by Reich and Kessler (2011) for 6xxx alloys, by Fribourg et al (2011) for AA7449 and checked in this work for AA7040 (Section 4.3).…”

“…Above T cum , the equivalent plastic strain has no influence on the flow strength. Below T cum , the equivalent plastic strain has a full effect on the flow strength, since annihilation of dislocations is negligible in the under-aged state as reported by Fribourg et al (2011). The accumulated equivalent plastic strain, p cum , is thus defined as:…”

Cyclic behaviour of a 6061 aluminium alloy: Coupling precipitation and elastoplastic modelling

“…Later, several teams took over these early studies: e.g. Fribourg et al [10] on 7XXX series, and Teixeira et al [11] and Han et al [12] for AlCu-Sn alloys. However, these papers share a common drawback: the entire kinematic hardening is attributed to the precipitates, thus neglecting the potential impact of grain boundaries (as studied by Sinclair et al [13]).…”

Kinematic and isotropic strain hardening in copper with highly aligned nanoscale twins

“…The development of directional back stress during plastic deformation is in general caused by the accumulation of GNDs, which is required to accommodate the strain gradient in the vicinity of internal interfaces [17,18,26]. It has been well recognized that the back stress plays an important role in mediating the strengthening and strain hardening of heterostructured materials [27][28][29][30].…”