Microstructure, dielectric and piezoelectric properties of (Pb1−xSrx)Nb1.96Ti0.05O6 ceramics

Effects of the doping of W6+ ions on the structure and electrical properties of Pb0.95Ba0.05Nb2O6 piezoelectric ceramics

“…The Ca 2 þ , Mn 4 þ and Ti 4 þ ions were also found to facilitate the densification of the PN-based ceramics [8][9][10]. Previously, we found that the doping of La 3 þ and Ti 4 þ ions can enhance the densities of the ceramics and restrain grain growth, resulting in high-piezoelectric constant and low dielectric loss [11]; the doping of Ti 4 þ and Ba 2 þ can also facilitate densification of the ceramics and improving dielectric and piezoelectric properties [12][13] [14]. These results demonstrate that we can obtain dense PN-based ceramics with enhanced piezoelectric properties via the conventional solid state reaction method if some appropriate dopants were added into PN.…”

Excellent temperature stability of piezoelectric properties in PbNb2O6‐based ceramics up to 450°C

“…For example, a small amount of Ba, La, Sr, and Ca codoping with Ti could stabilize the orthorhombic phase even with a slow cooling process. 7,18,[21][22][23] Sahini et al 24 prepared the dense ferroelectric PN ceramics with minor chemical substitution of oxides such as BiTiNbO 6 , CaTiO 3, etc., and proposed that substitution at a level of 2%-5% of specific oxides is sufficient to avoid the formation of the paraelectric rhombohedral phase during the furnace cooling process. In addition, other sintering processes were tried to improve the densification of PN-based ceramics.…”

“…However, high performance and high density could be obtained through conventional solid‐state reaction, when the co‐doping occurred in A and B sites simultaneously. For example, a small amount of Ba, La, Sr, and Ca codoping with Ti could stabilize the orthorhombic phase even with a slow cooling process 7,18,21–23 . Sahini et al 24 .…”