•Microstructure Evolution and Solidification Cracking in Austenitic Stainless Steel Welds

,

doi:10.29391/2018.97.026

Cited by 25 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The main reason is the presence of ferritic-austenitic boundaries at the solidification end, which resist wetting by liquid films containing low-melting phases responsible for hot cracking [68]. In this case, about 5% of retained primary ferrite is usually considered as a requirement for an austenitic weld to avoid solidification cracking [69].…”

Section: Composition Ranges 1mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Fusion Welding of Dissimilar Ferritic / Austenitic Steels: Processing and Weld Metallurgy

Giudice,

Missori,

Scolaro

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Dissimilar welds between ferritic and austenitic steels represent a good solution for exploiting the best performance of stainless steels at high and low temperatures and in aggressive environments, while minimizing costs. Therefore, they are widely used in nuclear and petrochemical plants, however, due to the different properties of the steels involved, the welding process can be challenging. Fusion welding can be specifically addressed to connect low-carbon, or low-alloy steels, with high-alloy steels, which have similar melting point. Welding of thick plates can be performed with electric arc in multiple passes or in a single pass by means of a laser beam equipment. Since microstructure and consequently mechanical properties of the weld are closely related to composition, the choice of the filler metal and processing parameters, which in turn affects the dilution rate, plays a fundamental role. Numerous technical solutions were proposed for welding dissimilar steels and much research was developed on the weldment metallurgy; therefore, this article is aimed at a review of the most recent scientific literature on the issues relating to the fusion welding of ferritic / austenitic steels. Two specific sections are dedicated respectively to electric arc and laser beam welding; finally, metallurgical issues, related to dilution and thermal field are debated in the discussion section.

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Section: Composition Ranges 1mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Fusion Welding of Dissimilar Ferritic / Austenitic Steels: Processing and Weld Metallurgy

Giudice,

Missori,

Scolaro

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The main reason is the presence of ferritic-austenitic boundaries at the solidification end, which resist wetting by liquid films containing low-melting phases responsible for hot cracking [69]. In this case, about 5% of retained primary ferrite is usually considered as a requirement for an austenitic weld to avoid solidification cracking [70].…”

Section: Composition Ranges Solidification Modes Sequence Of Transfor...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Fusion Welding of Dissimilar Ferritic/Austenitic Steels: Processing and Weld Zone Metallurgy

Giudice,

Missori,

Scolaro

et al. 2024

JMMP

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dissimilar welds between ferritic and austenitic steels represent a good solution for exploiting the best performance of stainless steels at high and low temperatures and in aggressive environments, while minimizing costs. Therefore, they are widely used in nuclear and petrochemical plants; however, due to the different properties of the steels involved, the welding process can be challenging. Fusion welding can be specifically applied to connect low-carbon or low-alloy steels with high-alloy steels, which have similar melting points. The welding of thick plates can be performed with an electric arc in multiple passes or in a single pass by means of laser beam equipment. Since the microstructure and, consequently, the mechanical properties of the weld are closely related to the composition, the choice of the filler metal and processing parameters, which in turn affect the dilution rate, plays a fundamental role. Numerous technical solutions have been proposed for welding dissimilar steels and much research has developed on welding metallurgy; therefore, this article is aimed at a review of the most recent scientific literature on issues relating to the fusion welding of ferritic/austenitic steels. Two specific sections are dedicated, respectively, to electric arc and laser beam welding; finally, metallurgical issues, related to dilution and thermal field are debated in the discussion section.

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“…The absorption coefficient η in Eqs. ( 6) and (7), and the sources' strength distribution parameters γ Pi and γ L , are variables to be determined numerically to allow the best fitting of the analytical profile on the experimental FZ boundaries.…”

Section: Thermal Field Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of a small amount of ferrite enhances the resistance to solidification cracking: if an austenitic steel solidifies primarily as ferrite-δ with austenite solidification at the latter stage (FA mode), it results less susceptible to hot cracking, due to the high solubility of the impurities in the ferritic phase and the consequent restriction of their partitioning in the interdendritic regions. The δ/γ interface shows also a better cracking resistance than δ/δ or γ/γ ones, because they have higher grain boundary wettability with respect to the eutectic liquid enriched by impurities, as discussed in [6] and more recently in [7] where the role of the microstructure of the mushy zone is experimentally highlighted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on Laser Beam Weldability of AISI 304L Plates Based on Thermal Field Simulation by Experimentally-Fitted Analytical Modeling

Giudice

Sili

2021

Lasers Manuf. Mater. Process.

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The objective of the work is to present a new approach to the simulation of the thermal field in laser beam welding, based on an experimentally-fitted analytical model, applied to investigate the weldability of AISI 304L austenitic steel. Reference is made to the welding trial in a single pass of two 10 mm thick butt-positioned plates. Welding was performed under the keyhole full penetration mode, which is characteristic of high-power laser beam, and simulated by an analytical model based on a multipoint-line thermal source system and fitted on the experimental fusion zone profile. The model was applied to simulate the effects of welding speed changes on thermal fields and cooling rates, in order to determine how they can affect the weld composition, the solidification mode and the possible formation of a sensitized zone in the heat affected zone. A limit value of welding speed, which allows the weld formation without lack of fusion, was identified. For all the welding speeds considered, the formation of a sensitized zone can be excluded. The contribution of welding speed on cooling rate, not significant near the welding axis, results to be determinant at the boundary of the fused zone with base metal. The combined choice of the filler material and the welding speed, which in all cases gives rise to primary ferrite solidification modes, affects the content of residual ferrite, which must be balanced to enhance the resistance to solidification cracking, avoiding the adverse effects due to too high contents. As a conclusion, the model proves to be a valid support in investigating the thermal effects, which result from the setup of welding parameters, on the weldability of the base metal-filler system. Graphic Abstract

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•Microstructure Evolution and Solidification Cracking in Austenitic Stainless Steel Welds

Cited by 25 publications

References 15 publications

A Review on Fusion Welding of Dissimilar Ferritic / Austenitic Steels: Processing and Weld Metallurgy

A Review on Fusion Welding of Dissimilar Ferritic / Austenitic Steels: Processing and Weld Metallurgy

A Review on Fusion Welding of Dissimilar Ferritic/Austenitic Steels: Processing and Weld Zone Metallurgy

Investigation on Laser Beam Weldability of AISI 304L Plates Based on Thermal Field Simulation by Experimentally-Fitted Analytical Modeling

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