Fatigue limit assessment methodologies based on the thermography technique are comprehensively studied in this work. Three fundamental indicators pertaining to temperature increase, intrinsic energy dissipation, and thermodynamic entropy are discussed in sequence. The main train of thought of thermo-based research is outlined. The main objective of this paper is, on the one hand, to describe some works that have been accomplished in this field and, on the other hand, to present further potential for future studies involving fatigue behaviors and thermography approaches.