Microstructure, fatigue and corrosion properties of the Ti–Al intermetallic layers

Garbacz, Halina; Pouquet, Jeanne; García-Lecina, Eva; Díaz-Fuentes, M.; Wieciński, Piotr; Martin, R.; Wierzchoń, T.; Kurzydłowski, Krzysztof J.

doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2011.03.072

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…A larger increase in surface roughness is expected with higher temperatures and/or nitriding process durations. Furthermore, the formation of titanium aluminide intermetallics, such as the Ti 3 Al phase detected via GIXRD, has also been reported to increase surface roughness [45]. Essentially in a 'defect-free' material, most fatigue cracks originate from the free surface, therefore, a higher surface roughness accelerates the crack nucleation stage and increases the chances of a specimen not reaching the maximum endurance limit (which it would otherwise be able to withstand) [46].…”

Section: Rotating-bending Fatigue Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the effects of PIRAC nitrogen-diffusion treatments on the mechanical performance of Ti–6Al–4V alloy

Bonello

Wilson

Housden

et al. 2014

Materials Science and Engineering: A

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a b s t r a c tPowder Immersion Reaction Assisted Coating (PIRAC) is a relatively simple nitrogen diffusion based process which has been proposed as a technique capable of considerable improvements in the tribological performance of ceramics and metals alike; however, the necessary exposure of the substrate material to high temperatures for several hours may have an adverse effect on the bulk properties of materials such as titanium alloys. The effect of PIRAC treatments on the bulk metallography and mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V has been studied. Following PIRAC nitrogen-diffusion treatment, studies using X-ray diffraction and cross-sectional microscopy have shown evidence of the formation of a thin ( $ 1.4 mm) TiN/Ti 2 N layer, together with the presence of some Ti 3 Al intermetallic phase. Semilogarithmic S-N plots show a deleterious effect after PIRAC treatment in terms of material cyclic fatigue strength, particularly at higher treatment temperatures. Samples processed at 800 1C for 4 h however exhibit better fatigue performance than others treated at lower temperatures for longer nitriding times. Fractographic inspection has shown that fatigue cracks originate at (or near) the surface for the untreated Ti-alloy and from the subsurface regions following diffusion treatment, owing to the build-up of compressive stresses in the latter, which hinder crack propagation.

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Section: Rotating-bending Fatigue Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the effects of PIRAC nitrogen-diffusion treatments on the mechanical performance of Ti–6Al–4V alloy

Bonello

Wilson

Housden

et al. 2014

Materials Science and Engineering: A

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“…Applied CES EduPack database has over 30,000 various contemporary materials out of many technical fields available, it causes narrowing the search for possible WT3-1 (Ti-6Al-3Mo-2Cr) alloy replacements to materials only of specific properties. 11 In the case of aircraft constructions a significant criterion is requirement of minimum mass of a construction, determined by material density. Because of this, the preliminary analysis presented below, or more properly: potential possibility of finding a replacement for the identified WT3-1 fuse, was narrowed only to titanium fuses, which are characterized by lower density than alloy steels, or nickel fuses, and are commonly used as a material for blades in a compressors of contemporary aircraft turbine engines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural ultimate strength analysis of a first stage fan blade in a turbine jet engine RD-33

Kozakiewicz¹,

Kachel²,

Jóźwiak

et al. 2016

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G:

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Statistical data clearly points out compressor train outage as one of the main reasons for the breakdown of aircraft power units. Outages are caused by various factors, including material conditions as the main one. Therefore, structural ultimate strength analysis of constructional raw material properties used in the production process of such an important part of an engine is not only of tremendous significance during the designing phase but also in a research phase and expertise associated with emergency situations. Considering the above-mentioned factors the article presents the outcomes of chemical composition, morphology, and phase structure of metallic material used to produce first row fan blades of RD-33 turbine jet engine, which is (currently) used by the Polish Air Force. Apart from typical material structure analysis, also the basic mechanical strength properties of materials have been determined including hardness, tensile, and impact tests. These may now constitute the basis for the analysis of substitute materials selection allowing the production of analyzed engine part.

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“…The kinetics of phase transformations in the TiAl system, the transformation rate, and the characteristic temperatures typical of classical vacuum annealing can be varied by the application of external fields [52,53]. In several papers [54][55][56], gradient intermetallic layers of Al 2 O 3 -Al 3 Ti-TiAl-TiAl 3 were successfully obtained by a deposition of the magnetron Al coating and its subsequent oxidation in glow discharge plasma at 680 • C for 3 h. Romankov et al [57] treated the Ti-Al coating with argon plasma pulses with different energies up to 185 J/cm 2 . Treatment with pulse energy higher than 135 J/cm 2 caused a melting of the surface layer, and the liquid-phase interaction of Ti and Al provided the formation of the TiAl 3 phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TEM Study of a Layered Composite Structure Produced by Ion-Plasma Treatment of Aluminum Coating on the Ti-6Al-4V Alloy

et al. 2023

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Using the methods of transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy, we study the microstructure and phase composition of the coating and modified intermetallic layers obtained in a Ti-6Al-4V alloy by the deposition of the Al coating and subsequent processing in low-pressure non-self-sustained arc discharge plasma (CIPT—complex ion-plasma treatment). The deposition of the aluminum coating on the Ti-6Al-4V alloy is accompanied by the formation of a layered and a gradient microstructure: nanocrystalline near the “coating/substrate” interface and ultrafine-grained in the outer part of the aluminum coating, with α-stabilized region of ≈5 µm thick in the surface layer in base titanium alloy. After the CIPT, the coating and the surface of the base titanium alloy have a layered morphology: each of the layers possesses different grain structure and composition. In the direction from the outer surface of the specimen to the base material, the following phase sequence has been confirmed by diffraction and elemental analysis: TiAl3 → TiAl3 + nc-(Al(Ti) + α-Ti) → nc-(Al(Ti) + α-Ti) → TiAl3 → TiAl3 + TiAl → TiAl → Ti3Al → α-Ti alloy → (α + β)-Ti alloy. The nanocrystalline aluminum layer, which has been formed during the deposition of the aluminum coating, does not undergo phase transformation and recrystallization under the CIPT. Nanocrystalline structure can favor the interdiffusion of the elements between the coating and base material, and stimulate phase transformation in coarser grains situated under and over it.

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Microstructure, fatigue and corrosion properties of the Ti–Al intermetallic layers

Cited by 10 publications

References 25 publications

Evaluating the effects of PIRAC nitrogen-diffusion treatments on the mechanical performance of Ti–6Al–4V alloy

Evaluating the effects of PIRAC nitrogen-diffusion treatments on the mechanical performance of Ti–6Al–4V alloy

Structural ultimate strength analysis of a first stage fan blade in a turbine jet engine RD-33

TEM Study of a Layered Composite Structure Produced by Ion-Plasma Treatment of Aluminum Coating on the Ti-6Al-4V Alloy

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