Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Reinforcement Mechanism of Second-Phase Reinforced TiC-Based Composites: A Review

Mao, Haobo; Wang, Jie; Cui, Kunkun; Liu, Hanlei; Yang, Jialong

doi:10.3390/coatings12060801

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Beyond this limit, dissociative carbon phases appear, resulting in deteriorated microstructures [ 9 , 11 ]. Nitrogen, in the form of TiN or Ti(C,N), is necessary for mechanical properties, while the addition of TiN promotes enhanced densification, wear resistance, and grain growth stability [ 5 , 12 ]. Ti(C,N)-based cermets are reinforced with various metal carbides to improve particular features [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Si3N4 Additive on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ti(C,N)-Based Cermet Cutting Tools

Elgazzar,

Zhou,

Ouyang

et al. 2024

Materials

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Development of high-performance cutting tool materials is one of the critical parameters enhancing the surface finishing of high-speed machined products. Ti(C,N)-based cermets reinforced with and without different contents of silicon nitride were designed and evaluated to satisfy the requirements. In fact, the effect of silicon nitride addition to Ti(C,N)-based cermet remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of Si3N4 additive on microstructure, mechanical properties, and thermal stability of Ti(C,N)-based cermet cutting tools. In the present work, α-Si3N4 “grade SN-E10” was utilized with various fractions up to 6 wt.% in the designed cermets. A two-step reactive sintering process under vacuum was carried out for the green compact of Ti(C,N)-based cermet samples. The samples with 4 wt.% Si3N4 have an apparent solid density of about 6.75 g/cm3 (relative density of about 98 %); however, the cermet samples with 2 wt.% Si3N4 exhibit a superior fracture toughness of 10.82 MPa.m1/2 and a traverse rupture strength of 1425.8 MPa. With an increase in the contents of Si3N4, the Vickers hardness and fracture toughness of Ti(C,N)-based cermets have an inverse behavior trend. The influence of Si3N4 addition on thermal stability is clarified to better understand the relationship between thermal stability and mechanical properties of Ti(C,N)-based cermets.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Si3N4 Additive on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ti(C,N)-Based Cermet Cutting Tools

Elgazzar,

Zhou,

Ouyang

et al. 2024

Materials

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“…[ 3,4 ] There are more than 900 BFs in China, including several giant BFs such as the Shagang, Shougang Jingtang, and Baosteel BFs, which have capacities of 5800, 5500, and 5050 m 3 , respectively. [ 5 ] However, the costs of relining BFs are huge, which places a serious economic burden on iron and steel enterprises. For example, the relining cost of a 2500 m 3 BF is nearly 1 billion RMB.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 6 ] Modern large BFs have a technical goal for the first campaign life of more than 20 years, with an iron output per unit furnace capacity of more than 15 000 t Fe m −3 . [ 4,5 ] In China, the Baosteel No. 3 and WISCO No.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The performances of long‐campaign‐life BFs are summarized and shown in Figure 1 a. [ 4–7 ] Compared to the world‐leading BFs in Japan and Germany, Chinese BFs have significantly shorter campaign lives. In recent years, there have been frequent occurrences of hearth burn through in China, which has reduced the campaign life, as shown in Figure 1b.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Erosion Behavior and Longevity Technologies of Refractory Linings in Blast Furnaces for Ironmaking: A Review

Cui

Wang

et al. 2022

steel research int.

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Erosion of the refractory materials in blast furnaces (BFs) greatly limits their campaign life, which seriously reduces the economic benefits of iron and steel plants and endangers workers. Therefore, it is important to detect and monitor the erosion process of refractory materials in the BF hearth. In this review, the mechanisms of physical damage, chemical corrosion, and mechanical erosion of BF hearths during BF operation are analyzed and summarized. In addition, the effects of hearth structure, refractory type, and protective layer on hearth erosion behavior and hearth life are analyzed and discussed. Some longevity technologies of BF hearths are analyzed and compared, such as reasonable hearth structure design, refractory selection, and technologies to form protective layers. Finally, some suggestions and prospects for the future development of long campaign life BF hearths are discussed.

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“…Titanium carbide (TiC) ceramics with covalent bonding possess a high melting point, high hardness, low density, good thermal conductivity, and noticeable wear and corrosion resistance [1]. However, due to its strong covalent bonding and relatively low di usion coe cients, it is often di cult to manufacture dense TiC ceramics at low sintering temperatures of around 1800 °C or tiny applied pressures of around 40 MPa [2]. erefore, the application of monolithic TiC is greatly restricted by its intrinsic lowtoughness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Sintering Pressure on the Preparation, Friction Properties, and Magnetic Properties of Ti2AlC-TiC and Ti3AlC2-TiC Composites Under High-Pressure and High-Temperature

Yuqi

2022

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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Due to their high melting point, low density, and affordable price, TiC ceramics have emerged as one of the most promising ultrahigh temperature structural materials. However, its development and usage are severely constrained by its weak mechanical characteristics. The Ti2AlC-TiC and Ti3AlC2-TiC composites were synthesized by using the laminated metal-ceramic Ti2AlC/Ti3AlC2 as the binder, combined with high-temperature and high-pressure sintering technology (GPa order of magnitude confinement system). The thermal analysis shows that the exothermic heat of Ti/1.2Al/2TiC is less than that of 3Ti/1.2Al/2C, 2Ti/1.2Al/C, and 3Ti/1.5Al/C. The ratio of Ti/1.2Al/2TiC can suppress the thermal explosion phenomenon during the sintering process and improve the safety of the high-pressure sintering process. XRD results showed that the main composition of the sintered products was Ti2AlC-TiC at 2∼3.5 GPa and Ti3AlC2-TiC at 4∼5 GPa. As the sintering pressure increased from 2 GPa to 5 GPa, the bonding phase changed from Ti2AlC to Ti3AlC2. The thickness of the synthetic Ti3AlC2 layer is near 0.1 µm under 5 GPa. The average friction coefficient of Ti2AlC-TiC composites sintered 2 GPa with POM is as low as 0.1767, while the average friction coefficient of Ti3AlC2-TiC composites with POM increased to 0.3468∼0.3797. The wear width of Ti2AlC-TiC is lower than that of Ti3AlC2-TiC composites sintered under 4–4.5 GPa. The wear width of Ti3AlC2-TiC composites decreases following the rise of sintering pressure and is reduced to 0.3504 mm under 5 GPa. Ti2AlC-TiC and Ti3AlC2-TiC composites with PP ball counterparts have friction coefficients of 0.375 to 0.45 and worse wear resistance than that of POM balls. Ti3AlC2-TiC composites synthesized at 5 GPa with a Cu ball had the smallest friction coefficient (0.4558) and the smallest wear scar width (0.6289 mm). The friction coefficients and wear widths of synthetics with Al pairs ranged from 0.48–0.697 and 0.851–1.087 mm, respectively, and varied irregularly with increasing sintering pressure. Ti2AlC-TiC composites synthesized at 2 GPa with agate and glass pairs have coefficients of friction of 0.5 and 0.61, respectively. Abrasion widths of Ti2AlC-TiC composites synthesized at 2 GPa with agate and glass pairs were 1.3 mm and 0.72 mm, respectively. The friction coefficient of synthetics with agate and glass pairs increases with increasing sintering pressure. The magnetization and magnetization intensity of the Ti3AlC2-TiC composites are stronger than those of Ti3AlC2. Ti2AlC-TiC and Ti3AlC2-TiC composites held promise to serve in the field of ceramic grinding processing applications.

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Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Reinforcement Mechanism of Second-Phase Reinforced TiC-Based Composites: A Review

Cited by 16 publications

References 72 publications

Effect of Si3N4 Additive on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ti(C,N)-Based Cermet Cutting Tools

Effect of Si3N4 Additive on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ti(C,N)-Based Cermet Cutting Tools

Erosion Behavior and Longevity Technologies of Refractory Linings in Blast Furnaces for Ironmaking: A Review

The Influence of Sintering Pressure on the Preparation, Friction Properties, and Magnetic Properties of Ti2AlC-TiC and Ti3AlC2-TiC Composites Under High-Pressure and High-Temperature

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