Microstructure of Polypterid Scales (Osteichthyes: Actinopterygii: Polypteridae) From the Upper Cretaceous Bahariya Formation, Bahariya Oasis, Egypt

Smith, Joshua B.; Grandstaff, Barbara S.; Abdel-Ghani, Medhat Said

doi:10.1666/0022-3360(2006)80[1179:mopsoa]2.0.co;2

“…The fish developed before the continental plates broke apart to form the African, South American, and Asian continents. As a result, the birchir and gar had widespread distribution in locations as diverse as Spain, India, Cuba, and North and Central America (Gayet and Meunier 1991;Domingo et al 2009;Kumar et al 2005;Smith et al 2006;Gayet et al 2002). Table 2.1 presents the speciation and general structural features for the gar and birchir fish that have been studied (Allison et al 2013;Yang et al 2013a;Géraudie 1988).…”

Section: Exoskeleton Fish Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Earlier layer designations provided by observationists have varied. For instance, the work discussed in Smith et al (2006) pointed out there has been a longstanding debate since the 1850s whether or not the polypterus is a three-or four-layered system. (Allison et al 2013, Yang et al 2013a, Géraudie 1988 In recent years, because of advanced microscope technology, the number of layers found in each fish type has been determined with more certainty (Bruet et al 2008, Allison et al 2013, Yang et al 2013a.…”

Section: Exoskeleton Fish Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequently, the debate has led researchers to postulate the inherent mechanical response is directly related to the fish scale's intrinsic structure arrangement and chemical composition. The general postulate has been proven many times over; however, the structural specific layer make-up, formation, and growth mechanisms for the two fish scales are still not clear (Smith et al 2006, Géraudie 1988). From a detailed review of literature, the material compositional differences in the two fish are subtle.…”

Section: Exoskeleton Fish Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of the mechanisms for the delamination resistance found in bio-engineered composites found in nature : bi-layered exoskeleton fish scales

Hodo¹

2019

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“…Tooth plates also show that Ceratodus sp was also preset in Bahariya (Stromer 1936, Nothdurft et al 2002. Scales assigned to Lepidotes sp (Forey et al 2011) are also known from Bahariya, although this material may be referable to polypterids such as Bawitius bartheli (Stromer, 1936;Grandstaff, 2006;Smith et al 2006A;Grandstaff et al 2012).…”

Section: Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

A reconstruction of the palaeoecology and environmental dynamics of the Bahariya Formation of Egypt

Ijouiher¹

2016

Preprint

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The Bahariya formation is one of the most productive in Africa in terms of fossil material. This paper conducts a comprehensive review of the flora & fauna and creates ecological reconstruction of this assemblage based on modern analogues. There is no evidence that most of the major vertebrate components of this biome were mangrove adapted taxa & most were commuters from the surrounding mainland. The high number of theropod species is overstated as niche partitioning between them lowers the predator/prey ratios; and is a result of this habitat developing from the broader North African ecosystems with its limited vegetation. The populations of most were also limited; further offsetting the predator/prey imbalance. The rarity of ornithopods can now be seen as a result of aridity and simplified forest structure. Crustaceans can be confirmed as forming a major trophic base, but new emphasis needs to be placed on gastropods as potential ecosystem engineers. Although some questions still remain concerning missing faunal elements and the difficulty in differentiate local population patterns from general population trends in this ecosystem as a whole; Bahariya’s reportedly substantial productivity, and later over-productivity, can now be confirmed.

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“…Tooth plates also show that Ceratodus sp was also preset in Bahariya (Stromer 1936, Nothdurft et al 2002. Scales assigned to Lepidotes sp (Forey et al 2011) are also known from Bahariya, although this material may be referable to polypterids such as Bawitius bartheli (Stromer, 1936;Grandstaff, 2006;Smith et al 2006A;Grandstaff et al 2012).…”

Section: Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

A reconstruction of the palaeoecology and environmental dynamics of the Bahariya Formation of Egypt

Ijouiher¹

2016

Preprint

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Bahariya formation is one of the most productive in Africa in terms of fossil material. This paper conducts a comprehensive review of the flora & fauna and creates ecological reconstruction of this assemblage based on modern analogues. There is no evidence that most of the major vertebrate components of this biome were mangrove adapted taxa & most were commuters from the surrounding mainland. The high number of theropod species is overstated as niche partitioning between them lowers the predator/prey ratios; and is a result of this habitat developing from the broader North African ecosystems with its limited vegetation. The populations of most were also limited; further offsetting the predator/prey imbalance. The rarity of ornithopods can now be seen as a result of aridity and simplified forest structure. Crustaceans can be confirmed as forming a major trophic base, but new emphasis needs to be placed on gastropods as potential ecosystem engineers. Although some questions still remain concerning missing faunal elements and the difficulty in differentiate local population patterns from general population trends in this ecosystem as a whole; Bahariya’s reportedly substantial productivity, and later over-productivity, can now be confirmed.

show abstract

Microstructure of Polypterid Scales (Osteichthyes: Actinopterygii: Polypteridae) From the Upper Cretaceous Bahariya Formation, Bahariya Oasis, Egypt

Cited by 10 publications

References 22 publications

Investigation of the mechanisms for the delamination resistance found in bio-engineered composites found in nature : bi-layered exoskeleton fish scales

Investigation of the mechanisms for the delamination resistance found in bio-engineered composites found in nature : bi-layered exoskeleton fish scales

A reconstruction of the palaeoecology and environmental dynamics of the Bahariya Formation of Egypt

A reconstruction of the palaeoecology and environmental dynamics of the Bahariya Formation of Egypt

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