Microstructure of single-droplet granules formed from ultra-fine powders

Davis, Nathan B.; Waibel, Karis; Wang, Kelly; Litster, James D.

doi:10.1016/j.powtec.2016.09.033

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 31 publications

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“…Previous wet-granulation studies have been more focused on external structures and formation mechanisms (Emady et al, 2011(Emady et al, , 2013Gao et al, 2018Gao et al, , 2020Iveson et al, 2001;Li et al, 2019Li et al, , 2021. There have been lab-based micro-CT studies on granule internal structures, but these have focused on the final granule product and not on in situ granulation (Crean et al, 2010;Davis et al, 2017;Farber et al, 2003;Matsui et al, 2019). The X-ray flux from lab-based scanners is not sufficient to capture in situ wet granulation (Li et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ wet pharmaceutical granulation captured using synchrotron radiation based dynamic micro-CT

Ding¹,

Danalou²,

Zhang³

et al. 2023

J Synchrotron Rad

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Synchrotron radiation based dynamic micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is a powerful technique available at synchrotron light sources for investigating evolving microstructures. Wet granulation is the most widely used method of producing pharmaceutical granules, precursors to products like capsules and tablets. Granule microstructures are known to influence product performance, so this is an area for potential application of dynamic CT. Here, lactose monohydrate (LMH) was used as a representative powder to demonstrate dynamic CT capabilities. Wet granulation of LMH has been observed to occur on the order of several seconds, which is too fast for lab-based CT scanners to capture the changing internal structures. The superior X-ray photon flux from synchrotron light sources makes sub-second data acquisition possible and well suited for analysis of the wet-granulation process. Moreover, synchrotron radiation based imaging is non-destructive, does not require altering the sample in any way, and can enhance image contrast with phase-retrieval algorithms. Dynamic CT can bring insights to wet granulation, an area of research previously only studied via 2D and/or ex situ techniques. Through efficient data-processing strategies, dynamic CT can provide quantitative analysis of how the internal microstructure of an LMH granule evolves during the earliest moments of wet granulation. Here, the results revealed granule consolidation, the evolving porosity, and the influence of aggregates on granule porosity.

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