Microstructure sensitive fatigue life prediction model for SLM fabricated Hastelloy-X

Pilgar, Chandrashekhar M.; Fernández, Ana; Segurado, J.

doi:10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2022.107372

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…The EBSD analysis shows qualitatively that no grain growth during the solution heat treatments took place (see Figure 5d,h). In SLM, generally, the heat flow directions and thermal gradients in the laser scan tracks are complicated; thus, the microstructural development (i.e., crystal growth) is very complex, and is affected by a number of factors [27][28][29]. Figure 6 shows the Vickers hardness values of each sample.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Heat Treatment and Building Direction on Tensile Properties and Fracture Mechanism of Inconel 718 Produced by SLM Process

Heo,

Lim,

Kwak

et al. 2024

Metals

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In the selective laser melting (SLM) additive manufacturing process of Inconel 718, the emergence of Laves and δ precipitate phases in the γ matrix during or after heat treatment is a critical consideration. This study comprehensively assesses the microstructures and mechanical properties of Inconel 718 alloy produced through SLM under varied conditions: as-built (AB), homogenization + solution + aging (HSA), homogenization + aging (HA), and solution + aging (SA). Additionally, the impact of building orientation, whether horizontal (H) or vertical (V), is investigated. The AB specimens oriented horizontally display a columnar melt pool structure, with dimensions roughly between 300 and 400 μm. In contrast, the AB specimens aligned vertically show an elongated river-like structure of melt pools, with their sizes approximately at 250 μm. From the detailed microstructural analysis, the findings reveal that the as-built specimens lack γ′ and γ″ precipitates in their microstructure. Conversely, in heat-treated specimens, both the γ′ and γ″ phases are evident. Notably, Inconel 718 alloy specimens subjected to SLM fabrication and SA heat treatment demonstrate optimal mechanical performance. Notably, SA exhibits an average hardness of 476 HV for the horizontal specimen, which is 51.1% higher than that of AB specimens. The morphology and distribution of the δ phase in the γ matrix emerge as decisive factors influencing high-temperature performance. In SA specimens, the dissolution of brittle Laves phases occurs, and the presence of the δ phase at the grain boundary imparts superior properties during high-temperature tensile testing, including excellent yield and ultimate tensile strength. The presence of the granular-δ phase in the SA specimens resulted in a tensile strength of 1422 MPa and a yield strength of 1236 MPa, which are the highest values among all the specimens. SA has a tensile strength of 1120 MPa and a yield strength of 974 MPa at 650 °C.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Heat Treatment and Building Direction on Tensile Properties and Fracture Mechanism of Inconel 718 Produced by SLM Process

Heo,

Lim,

Kwak

et al. 2024

Metals

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“…In the present study, a striking difference in the microstructure is indeed observed in between sets, with set 2 having a finer microstructure. It is widely reported that finer microstructures benefit fatigue performance, as demonstrated for several AM alloys [39,40], including Hastelloy X [41]. Materials with finer microstructures have more resistance to crack initiation by impeding dislocation motion, which also has a strengthening effect [6], and propagation, for entailing a more tortuous crack propagation route [42].…”

Section: Fractographymentioning

confidence: 94%

Mechanical Properties of Hastelloy X Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion and Affected by Spatter Redeposition

Schwerz,

Moverare,

Sundar

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…While the promise of this technology has garnered increasing interest from researchers, who are actively broadening its applications, practical challenges persist. One of the prominent challenges revolves around the limited ability to predict the microstructure and phase composition of materials in the process because most of the printed materials are MCPA, and the SPTB of the material is carried out through the "printing" and "post-processing" stages; moreover, and the level of regulation directly affects the performance of the part [4][5][6]. Indeed, the complex manufacturing strategies, coupled with the dynamics of layer-by-layer printing, subject the material to complex temperature history, constituting a primary limiting factor for accurately predicting microstructural conditions [7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Thermal and Metallurgical Simulation Framework for Selective Laser Melting Multi-Component and Multi-Phase Alloys

Kong,

Hou,

Qin

et al. 2023

Processes

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To fully understand the impact of cyclic heating on the solid-state phase transformation behavior (SPTB) of multi-component multi-phase alloys (MCPA) during selective laser melting (SLM) and to provide possibilities for the precise customization of the material microstructure, a thermal-metallurgical coupling framework (TMCF) was developed. This framework integrates (1) an equivalent micro-zone heat source model and (2) a Johnson–Mehl–Avrami (JMA) phase transformation kinetic model. Using IN738 superalloy as an example, TMCF was effectively employed to predict the distribution and evolution of the γ′ phase during SLM. The results showed that the post-printing distribution of the γ′ phase is non-uniform, resulting from the interaction between the precipitation and dissolution behaviors occurring at varying temperatures across distinct spatial locations. Furthermore, the dependence of the γ′ phase on the SLM mode was quantitatively estimated. Specifically, the maximum volume fraction of the γ′ phase increased by a factor of 17.377, 60.780, and 5.214 when the laser power, scanning speed, and hatch spacing were modified by +50%, −25%, and −16.7%, respectively, within the process window. This finding can provide reference for the fabrication of additional MCPA. In this work, the thermal model within the TMCF was verified by the experimental data reported in the literature.

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Microstructure sensitive fatigue life prediction model for SLM fabricated Hastelloy-X

Cited by 11 publications

References 71 publications

Impact of Heat Treatment and Building Direction on Tensile Properties and Fracture Mechanism of Inconel 718 Produced by SLM Process

Impact of Heat Treatment and Building Direction on Tensile Properties and Fracture Mechanism of Inconel 718 Produced by SLM Process

Mechanical Properties of Hastelloy X Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion and Affected by Spatter Redeposition

Integrated Thermal and Metallurgical Simulation Framework for Selective Laser Melting Multi-Component and Multi-Phase Alloys

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