Microtubules, signalling and abiotic stress

Nick, Peter

doi:10.1111/tpj.12102

Cited by 134 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 142 publications

(171 reference statements)

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“…The destabilization of microtubules will greatly affect wall strength, as mutants with alterations in microtubule orientation have a radially swollen cell phenotype and weakened cell wall due to reduced cellulose deposition Zhong et al, 2002). Microtubule arrays and cellulose microfibril organization are interdependent, as the dynamics of microtubules are also dependent upon mechanical properties of the cell wall (Nick, 2013). Removal of the cell wall through enzymatic digestion destabilizes cortical microtubules in cultured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) cells (Akashi et al, 1990;Nick, 2013).…”

Section: Cell Wall Properties Affect the Wall-plasma Membrane Interfacementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microtubule arrays and cellulose microfibril organization are interdependent, as the dynamics of microtubules are also dependent upon mechanical properties of the cell wall (Nick, 2013). Removal of the cell wall through enzymatic digestion destabilizes cortical microtubules in cultured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) cells (Akashi et al, 1990;Nick, 2013). In animal cells, integrins link microtubules to the extracellular matrix.…”

Section: Cell Wall Properties Affect the Wall-plasma Membrane Interfacementioning

confidence: 99%

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Growing Out of Stress: The Role of Cell- and Organ-Scale Growth Control in Plant Water-Stress Responses

et al. 2016

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Water is the most limiting resource on land for plant growth, and its uptake by plants is affected by many abiotic stresses, such as salinity, cold, heat, and drought. While much research has focused on exploring the molecular mechanisms underlying the cellular signaling events governing water-stress responses, it is also important to consider the role organismal structure plays as a context for such responses. The regulation of growth in plants occurs at two spatial scales: the cell and the organ. In this review, we focus on how the regulation of growth at these different spatial scales enables plants to acclimate to water-deficit stress. The cell wall is discussed with respect to how the physical properties of this structure affect water loss and how regulatory mechanisms that affect wall extensibility maintain growth under water deficit. At a higher spatial scale, the architecture of the root system represents a highly dynamic physical network that facilitates access of the plant to a heterogeneous distribution of water in soil. We discuss the role differential growth plays in shaping the structure of this system and the physiological implications of such changes.

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Section: Cell Wall Properties Affect the Wall-plasma Membrane Interfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cell Wall Properties Affect the Wall-plasma Membrane Interfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Growing Out of Stress: The Role of Cell- and Organ-Scale Growth Control in Plant Water-Stress Responses

et al. 2016

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“…In such a structure, the mechanical disturbance of any individual element allows stress signals to propagate and be transduced at relatively distant locations (Ingber, 2008). Thus, the mechanically stable cell walls provide structural support, and the constant remodeling of the underlying cytoskeleton in response to mechanical disturbances acts as a tensegrity sensor (Komis et al, 2002;Berghöfer et al, 2009;Nick, 2013).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Arabidopsis Synaptotagmin1 Is Enriched in Endoplasmic Reticulum-Plasma Membrane Contact Sites and Confers Cellular Resistance to Mechanical Stresses

et al. 2015

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Eukaryotic endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-plasma membrane (PM) contact sites are evolutionarily conserved microdomains that have important roles in specialized metabolic functions such as ER-PM communication, lipid homeostasis, and Ca 2+ influx. Despite recent advances in knowledge about ER-PM contact site components and functions in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and mammals, relatively little is known about the functional significance of these structures in plants. In this report, we characterize the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) phospholipid binding Synaptotagmin1 (SYT1) as a plant ortholog of the mammal extended synaptotagmins and yeast tricalbins families of ER-PM anchors. We propose that SYT1 functions at ER-PM contact sites because it displays a dual ER-PM localization, it is enriched in microtubule-depleted regions at the cell cortex, and it colocalizes with Vesicle-Associated Protein27-1, a known ER-PM marker. Furthermore, biochemical and physiological analyses indicate that SYT1 might function as an electrostatic phospholipid anchor conferring mechanical stability in plant cells. Together, the subcellular localization and functional characterization of SYT1 highlights a putative role of plant ER-PM contact site components in the cellular adaptation to environmental stresses.

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“…Plant microtubules respond to various stresses and may participate in stress tolerance (Nick 2013;Hardham 2013). Cortical microtubules participate in the response to salt stress (Shoji et al 2006;Wang et al 2007).…”

Section: Involvement Of Plant Neks In Stress Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure, function, and evolution of plant NIMA-related kinases: implication for phosphorylation-dependent microtubule regulation

et al. 2015

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 IntroductionThe growth and morphogenesis of plant cells relies on the orientation of cellulose microfibrils and cortical microtubules. Microtubules are cytoskeletal polymers composed of α-and β-tubulin heterodimers. Microtubules are polarized with a fast growing plus end and a slow growing minus end, and exhibit dynamic behaviors such as rapid growth and shrinkage both in vivo and in vitro (Mitchison and Kirschner 1984; Horio and Hotani 1986; Sammak and Borisy 1988; Shaw et al. 2003;Nakamura et al. 2004). Cortical microtubules are specifically found in plant cells during interphase and are localized close to the cell cortex (Ledbetter and Porter 1963). Cortical microtubules align perpendicularly to the growth direction and regulate anisotropic growth and morphogenesis of rapidly expanding cells (Green 1962; Shibaoka 1994;Wasteneys 2002; Fig. 1). Findings from genetic studies of Arabidopsis thaliana mutants strongly support the essential roles of cortical microtubule arrays on directional cell growth (Whittington et al. 2001; Thitamadee et al. 2002; Abe et al. 2004; Ishida et al. 2007a; Ishida et al. 2007b; Sedbrook and Kaloriti 2008;Wasteneys and Ambrose 2009). In addition, microtubules regulate cell division and chromosome segregation. In the mitotic phase, microtubules form a series of arrays; a preprophase band that determines the future cell division plane, mitotic spindle that segregate chromosomes, and a phragmoplast that constructs the new cell plate ( 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 suggesting that cortical microtubules could also regulate directional cell growth independently of cellulose microfibrils (Sugimoto et al. 2003). Fujita et al. (2011) have shown that cortical microtubule abundance affects cellulose crystallinity to promote directional cell growth.Microtubules might regulate the mobility and stability of cellulose synthase complexes to affect physical properties of cellulose microfibrils. Because it is beyond the scope of this review, Interested readers could consult the recent literature and references therein (Bringmann et al. 2012; Fujita et al. 2012; Lei et al. 2014). In this review, we will summarize recent findings on microtubule regulation with focus on phosphorylation-dependent regulatory mechanisms. Microtubule regulationMicrotubule-associated proteins (MAPs) play pivotal roles in the regulation of microtubule dynamics (Hamada 2014). MAPs affect microtubule assembly and bundling and regulate their geometry and organization. Because the function and regulation of MAPs have been well described in detail, we show here a few examples from a cellular and developmen...

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Microtubules, signalling and abiotic stress

Cited by 134 publications

References 142 publications

Growing Out of Stress: The Role of Cell- and Organ-Scale Growth Control in Plant Water-Stress Responses

Growing Out of Stress: The Role of Cell- and Organ-Scale Growth Control in Plant Water-Stress Responses

The Arabidopsis Synaptotagmin1 Is Enriched in Endoplasmic Reticulum-Plasma Membrane Contact Sites and Confers Cellular Resistance to Mechanical Stresses

Structure, function, and evolution of plant NIMA-related kinases: implication for phosphorylation-dependent microtubule regulation

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