Microvascular Glycocalyx Dimension Estimated by Automated <scp>SDF</scp> Imaging is not Related to Cardiovascular Disease

Amraoui, Fouad; Engberink, Rik H. G. Olde; Gorp, Jacqueline van; Ramdani, A.; Vogt, Liffert; Born, Bert‐Jan H. van den

doi:10.1111/micc.12125

Cited by 24 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…The percentage capillary recruitment was assessed by dividing the increase of perfused capillary density after 4 minutes of arterial occlusion by the baseline value. 24 Imaging as implemented in our current or previous studies [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]25 does not capture the endothelial lining of the capillaries. The perfused boundary region is, therefore, an indirect estimate of glycocalyx width.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26 Moreover, compared with normal controls, type 1 diabetic patients had a thinner glycocalyx in sublingual capillaries, but higher levels of circulating hyaluronidase and hyaluronan, a principal glycocalyx constituent. 26 The current literature on the perfused boundary region, [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]25 from which the glycocalyx width is inferred by sidestream darkfield imaging, is limited to case-control studies with sample size ranging from 16 8 to 150. 12 All studies focused on the sublingual capillaries with the exception of 1 study of the peritubular microcirculation studied at the time of renal transplantation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26 The current literature on the perfused boundary region, [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]25 from which the glycocalyx width is inferred by sidestream darkfield imaging, is limited to case-control studies with sample size ranging from 16 8 to 150. 12 All studies focused on the sublingual capillaries with the exception of 1 study of the peritubular microcirculation studied at the time of renal transplantation. 13 Cases were patients with diabetes mellitus, 6,7 cardiovascular disease ,11,12 stroke, 25 end-stage renal disease, [8][9][10] or sepsis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, in contrast to previous studies in selected patients, 7,8,12 we examined the correlates of the perfused boundary region in detail. With ethnicity modeled as a random effect, the perfused boundary region decreased with body mass index, diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 The development of capillaroscopy made it possible to visualize the sublingual capillaries 3,4 by orthogonal polarization spectral or sidestream dark field imaging and to estimate the dimensions of the glycocalyx by measuring the sublingual perfused boundary region. Most studies published to date had a small sample size or a case-control design, including selected volunteers 5 or patients with diabetes mellitus, 6,7 renal dysfunction, [8][9][10] cardiovascular disease, 11,12 sepsis or critically ill patients. 13,14 To our knowledge, no previous population study focused on the sublingual microcirculation to assess capillary density and glycocalyx width.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics and Determinants of the Sublingual Microcirculation in Populations of Different Ethnicity

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2015

Hypertension

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No previous population study assessed sublingual capillary density (CD) or perfused boundary region (PBR). Lower PBR indicates greater glycocalyx width. In 252 Han and 220 She Chinese and 254 Flemish people (mean age, 51.1 years; 54.7% women), representing random population samples, we measured total and perfused CD and PBR in the sublingual capillary bed, using oblique profiled epi-illumination, and cardiovascular risk factors. In multivariable analyses, we modeled ethnicity as random effect. Significance level was α≤0.05. Compared with Chinese, Flemish had lower total (577 versus 546 n°/mm 2 ) and perfused (338 versus 320 n°/mm 2 ) CD, but similar perfused-to-total CD ratio (mean, 0.59). Perfused-to-total CD ratio increased with age (effect size per 1–SD increase, +0.015 per year), body mass index (+0.008 per kg/m 2 ), total cholesterol (+0.012 per mmol/L), and Framingham risk score (+0.018 per point) with no ethnic differences in these associations. For age and Framingham risk score, associations with perfused-to-total CD ratio were driven by positive relationships with perfused CD, whereas associations with total CD were nonsignificant. Chinese when compared with Flemish had higher hematocrit (43.0 versus 41.1%), PBR (2010 versus 1876 nm), and pulse rate (72.6 versus 63.3 bpm). PBR standardized for hematocrit, perfused CD, and pulse rate decreased with body mass index (–26.7 nm/kg/m2), mean arterial pressure (–30.6 nm/mm Hg), and diastolic pressure (–28.5 nm/mm Hg) with no ethnic differences in these associations. In conclusion, a higher cardiovascular risk profile is associated with functional recruitment of capillaries with preserved glycocalyx that protects the endothelial lining.

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