Microvascular pressure profile in intact in situ lung

Negrini, Daniela; Gonano, C.; Miserocchi, Giuseppe

doi:10.1152/jappl.1992.72.1.332

Cited by 36 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…The latter was directly measured in rabbits, by using the micropuncture technique through the pleural window approach, and was found to be rather subatmospheric (≈-10 cmH 2 O [26]). The same technique made it possible to describe the pulmonary microvascular pressure profile [27]. Based on these findings, it appears that fluid normally filters from pulmonary microvessels to the lung interstitium.…”

Section: Pleural Fluid Filtrationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Physiology and pathophysiology of pleural fluid turnover

Miserocchi¹

1997

Eur Respir J

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248

128

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Number 1 in this SeriesA review on pleural space is certainly most welcome, for the simple reason that on opening a textbook of physiology the concepts concerning pleural fluid turnover date back to 1927 [1]. The same comment, in fact, applies in general to microvascular water and solute exchange. This appears particularly misleading, considering the major advances achieved in the field over the last 70 yrs. Around the turn of the 19th century, STARLING and TUBBY [2] interpreted microvascular fluid and solute exchange as resulting from the balance between hydraulic and colloidosmotic pressures. This concept is still valid today, but the complete formulation of transmicrovascular exchange has become much more complex because water crosses biological membranes more easily than large solutes (namely, plasma proteins) do [3]. In fact, different equations describe water and solute fluxes [4].As a result, the general model of transcapillary fluid exchange still taught to students, based on fluid filtration at the arteriolar end of the capillary bed and reabsorption at the venular end, appears rather simplistic. Due to the different permeability to water and solutes, one could predict on a mathematical basis that such a model would lead to a progressive increase in interstitial protein concentration over time [3,4], a condition that cannot be confirmed experimentally.Similarly, the old hypothesis claiming that pleural fluid filters at parietal level and is reabsorbed through the visceral pleura [1] would imply that pleural liquid protein concentration would keep increasing with age, but again there are no indications that this occurs. The existence of partial restriction to the movement of large solutes, compared to that of water molecules, posed scientists the major problem of explaining how interstitial volume and protein concentration are kept fairly steady. Ideologically, this led to re-evaluation of lymphatics as the major route for interstitial fluid drainage. In fact, since lymphatics do not sieve proteins, they leave the interstitial protein concentration unaltered the latter depending only upon the sieving properties of the filtering membrane. Accordingly, the description of interstitial fluid homeostasis under steady state conditions is now being explained as a balance between capillary filtration and lymphatic absorption. Major validation of this model has come from the accumulating experimental data over the past 30 yrs concerning interstitial tissues [4] and serous spaces [5]. Interestingly, since the pioneering, work of STARLING and TUBBY [2] the pleural space has been used as a useful experimental model to study the interaction between microvascular filtration and lymphatic drainage.This article presents an integrated view of pleural fluid turnover, based on data gathered from experimental studies on animals over the last 15 yrs. The situation in man is, unfortunately, still poorly defined; yet, where possible, Under physiological conditions, the lung interstitium and the pleural space behave as function...

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Section: Pleural Fluid Filtrationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Physiology and pathophysiology of pleural fluid turnover

Miserocchi¹

1997

Eur Respir J

Self Cite

248

128

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“…Measurements of microvascular pressures in the intact lungs of anesthetized rabbits suggest that the pulmonary microvasculature cannot effectively reabsorb fluid (757). Thus, the pulmonary lymphatics play a crucial role balancing normal microvascular leakage and ensuring a steady state interstitial fluid pressure and protecting against edema (136, 311, 391, 757). This concept is supported by data from several investigations indicating that the rate of lymph flow in the lung correlates to microvascular filtration (283, 511, 708, 846, 1022).…”

Section: Organization and Anatomy Of The Lymphatic Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lymphatic Vessel Network Structure and Physiology

Breslin

Yang

Scallan

et al. 2018

Comprehensive Physiology

277

258

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The lymphatic system is comprised of a network of vessels interrelated with lymphoid tissue, which has the holistic function to maintain the local physiologic environment for every cell in all tissues of the body. The lymphatic system maintains extracellular fluid homeostasis favorable for optimal tissue function, removing substances that arise due to metabolism or cell death, and optimizing immunity against bacteria, viruses, parasites, and other antigens. This article provides a comprehensive review of important findings over the past century along with recent advances in the understanding of the anatomy and physiology of lymphatic vessels, including tissue/organ specificity, development, mechanisms of lymph formation and transport, lymphangiogenesis, and the roles of lymphatics in disease.

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“…After opening a pleural window through the intercostal muscles (details of the technique to obtain a pleural window are described in ref. 12). one observes the lung surface with a stereo microscope (gikon SMZ-2T; Tokyo, Japan) at x3 magnification connected to a video camera S-VI-IS (Panasonic WV-F15E; Osaka, Japan, PAL format).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We recently presented a digital image analysis to define the geometry of pulmonary microvessels and perivascular interstitial space (14). This method was applied to images of lung surface obtained through a "'pleural window" with a preparation that preserves pleural space inte,srity ancl pulmonary vascular perfusion (11,12). Several methods have been developed to measure vessel diameter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Semiautomatic Procedure for Edge Detection of In Vivo Pulmonary Microvessels and Interstitial Space

Crisafulli¹,

Boschetti²,

Venturoli³

et al. 1997

Microcirculation

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We proved that the maximum value of the moving variance is useful to detect the edge between two adjacent regions whose gray level distributions satisfy the condition: magnitude of sigma Y2 - sigma X2 < or = (mu X - mu Y)2, where mu X, mu Y, sigma X2, sigma Y2 are the statistical moments of the two regions X and Y. Moreover, when the regions have similar means, the above conditions is not met, but the edge between them can be detected by the maximum of the moving variance error.

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Microvascular pressure profile in intact in situ lung

Cited by 36 publications

References 0 publications

Physiology and pathophysiology of pleural fluid turnover

Physiology and pathophysiology of pleural fluid turnover

Lymphatic Vessel Network Structure and Physiology

A Semiautomatic Procedure for Edge Detection of In Vivo Pulmonary Microvessels and Interstitial Space

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