In
this study, highly transparent and tightly packed two-dimensional
boron nitride (2D BN NSs) nanosheets were prepared using an eco-friendly
green-template-assisted synthesis method, where a banana stem powder
was used as the bio template. Microscopic results indicated that 2D
BN NSs mostly consisted of thin layers, with lateral sizes of 0.5
to 2 μm. Further, strongly coupled dual catalytic sites of 0D
Au and c-axis oriented 1D hexagonal hydroxyapatite
(HAp) nanorods were successfully immobilized and uniformly distributed
on the surfaces of 2D BN NSs (Au/HAp/BN). A detailed study of Au/HAp/BN
formation mechanism is presented in this paper. This study showed
that due to the intriguing morphological, structural, and compositional
features of Au/HAp/BN ternary nanohybrids, they can be used as an
efficient heterogeneous catalytic oxidation system for oxidizing glycerol
into lactic acid. In particular, the localized surface of BN was shown
to exhibit high affinity toward adsorbing glycerol via higher adsorption
affinity; therefore, an oxidizing reaction was obtained at the dual
catalytic sites of Au and HAp in the heterogeneous catalytic system
of Au/HAp/BN. On the Au/HAp/BN catalyst, 100% glycerol conversion
yield was obtained with a high selective production of lactic acid
(99.5%) in its base condition at a temperature of 100 °C. Different
effects of the NaOH-glycerol molar ratio, reaction time of the catalytic
activity, and selectivity of the Au/HAp/BN catalyst suggested that
the dual-route reaction pathway was responsible for dehydrating glycerol
to lactic acid; this has been elucidated in the paper. Reusability
experiments showed the chemical stability and prolonged usage of the
Au/HAp/BN catalyst, which can be beneficial for industrial applications.