Microwave assisted extraction and sonication of polychlorobiphenils from river sediments and risk assesment by toxic equivalency factors

Kodba, Zdenka Cencič; Marsel, J.

doi:10.1007/bf02467182

Cited by 24 publications

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

Microwave-assisted extraction behavior of non-polar and polar pollutants in soil with analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography

Sun

Lee

2002

J. Sep. Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Microwave‐Assisted extraction (MAE) was applied for the first time to study the thermal degradation of five carbamates (propoxur, thiuram, propham, methiocarb, chlorpropham) after heating for 6 min at 95°C with different extractants. Analytes were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection. It was found that significant thermal degradation of the five targets occurred under the extraction conditions. The break down percentage ranged from 10% to 100%, depending on polarities of both analytes and extractants. The greater the polarity of the extractant, the less degradation the analyte underwent. Lower recoveries were found for all carbamates with less polar extractants, such as hexane‐acetone (4 : 1, v/v) and dichloromethane. With more polar extractants (methanol, hexane‐acetone 1 : 4 and 1 : 1), higher recoveries of three carbamates (propoxur, methiocarb, and chlorpropham) were obtained, whereas the recoveries of the other two remained low. Some non‐polar and polar pollutants spiked in soil, such as polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs), triazines (atrazine, simazine), and carbamates (propoxur, methiocarb, chlorpropham), subjected to MAE in a closed‐vessel microwave system under 80% magnetron power output (1 200 W) at 115°C, were also studied. The recoveries of such pollutants ranged between 70% and 99% with excellent reproducibility, except for carbamates. The effects of the soil matrix, the soil moisture, and aging on recoveries were also investigated.

show abstract

Microwave-assisted extraction behavior of non-polar and polar pollutants in soil with analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography

Sun

Lee

2002

J. Sep. Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Microwaves

Jerome

Dwivedi

2021

Electromagnetic Technologies in Food Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fast miniaturised sample preparation for the screening and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatographic determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in sludge

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in sludge are usually extracted by a technique such as Soxhlet with subsequent fractionation prior to long GC runs using GC-ECD or GC-HRMS. In this study, the extraction of selected chlorinated biphenyls (CBs) from a spiked sludge sample by three rapid techniques, i.e. ultrasonic (USE), pressurised-liquid (PLE), and microwave-assisted (MAE) extraction using a domestic microwave, was studied, with subsequent direct GC-ECD, GC-MS, or GC x GC-microECD analysis of the extracts. The main goal was to select an appropriate, and miniaturised, extraction method after only a brief optimisation and demonstrate the power of GC x GC analysis of dirty extracts. For PLE similar CB recoveries were found when extracting with either n-hexane or n-hexane/acetone (1/1). For USE and MAE, n-hexane/acetone (1/1) was the preferred extraction solvent. USE gave the best recoveries (80-95%; except 130% for CB 105). The only clean-up needed prior to GC-MS or GC x GC-gECD analysis was the removal of sulphur-containing compounds. GC-ECD was not suitable for these dirty extracts. The lowest LODs for the CBs (20 fg or 0.1 ng/g sludge) were found when combining USE and GC x GC-microECD, because of the powerful extraction, high separation power and excellent detectability provided by this technique.

show abstract

Microwave assisted extraction and sonication of polychlorobiphenils from river sediments and risk assesment by toxic equivalency factors

Cited by 24 publications

References 12 publications

Microwave-assisted extraction behavior of non-polar and polar pollutants in soil with analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography

Microwave-assisted extraction behavior of non-polar and polar pollutants in soil with analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography

Microwaves

Fast miniaturised sample preparation for the screening and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatographic determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in sludge

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About