Microwave-assisted extraction of Clausena anisata leaves and Vernonia cinerea whole plants to maximize nitrate content: optimization approach, antioxidant activity, and cytotoxicity

Monton, Chaowalit; Kittiratpattana, Pakkawat; Nakyai, Sasipon; Sutapakul, Tanutporn; Navabhatra, Abhiruj; Wunnakup, Thaniya; Chankana, Natawat; Suksaeree, Jirapornchai

doi:10.1007/s13596-021-00581-8

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Using a microwave power of 300 W, a duration of 10 s, and one irradiation cycle, a whole plant extraction yield of 15.9 ± 0.2% and nitrate content of 1.32 ± 0.01% was achieved. Using this extract, the IC 50 of a DPPH assay was 0.4 mg/mL, while the IC 50 of a ferric-reducing antioxidant power assay was nearly 0.4 mg/mL [82].…”

Section: Antioxidant Activitymentioning

confidence: 94%

Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Activities of Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less.: An Updated Review

Trang,

Vinh,

Phong

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less. is a perennial herbaceous plant found mainly in tropical areas, particularly in Southeast Asia, South America, and India. Various parts of V. cinerea have traditionally been used in folk medicine to treat several diseases, such as malaria, fever, and liver diseases. V. cinerea has so far yielded about 92 secondary metabolites. The majority of these are sesquiterpene lactones, but triterpenes, flavonoids, steroids, phenolics, and other compounds are present as well. V. cinerea crude extracts reportedly exhibit anti-inflammatory, antiprotozoal, antidiabetic, anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and renoprotective activities. This study aims to provide the latest up-to-date information on the botanical characterization, distribution, traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activity of V. cinerea. Information on V. cinerea was thoroughly reviewed. The literature published between 1950 and 2024 was compiled through online bibliographic databases, including SciFinder, Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Springer Link, Wiley, and the MDPI online library. The keywords used for the literature search included Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less. and the synonyms Cyanthillium cinereum (L.) H.Rob., Conyza cinerea L., and various others.

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Section: Antioxidant Activitymentioning

confidence: 94%

Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Activities of Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less.: An Updated Review

Trang,

Vinh,

Phong

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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“…The microwave power was varied as 300, 450 and 600 W; time was 10, 20 and 30 s; cycles were 1 -3. The range of these values was selected based on the previous work [30]. These ranges did not make excessive boiling and bumping during extraction.…”

Section: Experimental Design and Microwave-assisted Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Antioxidant Activity and Optimal Microwave-Assisted Extraction Condition of Caesalpinia sappan L., Hibiscus sabdariffa L., and Clitoria ternatea L. Combinations

et al. 2022

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The aims of this work were to evaluate the synergistic antioxidant activity and optimize microwave-assisted extraction of Caesalpinia sappan L., Hibiscus sabdariffa L., and Clitoria ternatea L. combinations. The simplex lattice design was applied to evaluate the synergistic antioxidant activity. The mass ratios of the 3 plants that exhibited synergistic antioxidant activity were further used to investigate the optimal condition of microwave-assisted extraction by Box-Behnken design. Results showed that the synergistic antioxidant activity among the 3 plants: Which was determined by the combination index, was observed at various mass ratios, especially at the equal mass ratio. The optimal microwave-assisted extraction condition providing the best antioxidant activity of the plant extract was microwave power of 300 W for 30 s and 3 cycles. This condition gave the extraction yield of 31.03 ± 0.26 %, total phenolic content of 72.03 ± 3.83 mg GAE/g extract, total flavonoid content of 15.18 ± 0.42 mg CE/g extract, half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) from DPPH assay of 178.16 ± 15.54 µg/mL and IC50 from FRAP assay of 75.26 ± 4.44 µg/mL. The optimal extract showed no toxicity on HepG2 cells although the tested concentration was up to 1 mg/mL with an IC50 value of 5.45 mg/mL. So, a mixture of the 3 colored plants could be used as a supplementary antioxidant product with a safety profile. HIGHLIGHTS Synergistic antioxidant activity was observed among three colored plants The optimal MAE condition was microwave power of 300 W for 30 s and three cycles The optimal extract did not toxic although the tested concentration was up to 1 mg/mL The IC50 of extract on cell viability was 5.45 mg/mL GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

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“…Consequently, it is regarded as an environmentally friendly extraction technique [ 17 ]. It has been utilized in various studies for herbal drying [ 18 , 19 ] and herbal extraction processes [ 20 – 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maximizing Curcuminoid Extraction from Curcuma aromatica Salisb. Rhizomes via Environmentally Friendly Microwave-Assisted Extraction Technique Using Full Factorial Design

Suksaeree,

Monton

2024

International Journal of Food Science

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Curcuma aromatica Salisb. contains a high content of curcuminoids, which can be utilized for cosmetic purposes. The objective of this study was to optimize the extraction conditions of C. aromatica rhizomes in castor oil to maximize curcuminoid content using a simple and environmentally friendly microwave-assisted extraction method. A 32 full factorial design was employed, with two factors—microwave power and time—varying between 600-800 W and 30-90 s, respectively. Five responses were monitored, including extraction yield, bisdemethoxycurcumin, demethoxycurcumin, curcumin, and total curcuminoid contents. The results demonstrated that increasing microwave power and time led to an increase in all five responses. The optimal condition, which simultaneously maximized extraction yield and total curcuminoid content, was achieved at a microwave power of 800 W for 90 s. This condition resulted in an extraction yield of 71.020%, bisdemethoxycurcumin content of 0.036%, demethoxycurcumin content of 0.210%, curcumin content of 0.080%, and total curcuminoid content of 0.326%. The computer program accurately predicted the results with a percentage error of less than 2%. Stability data revealed that the total curcuminoid content remained stable with a percentage remaining above 90% when stored at 4°C, 30°C±75%RH, and 40°C±75%RH for three months. In summary, this study successfully applied a full factorial design to maximize curcuminoid extraction from C. aromatica rhizomes using an environmentally friendly microwave-assisted extraction method for cosmetic purposes.

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Microwave-assisted extraction of Clausena anisata leaves and Vernonia cinerea whole plants to maximize nitrate content: optimization approach, antioxidant activity, and cytotoxicity

Cited by 7 publications

References 33 publications

Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Activities of Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less.: An Updated Review

Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Activities of Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less.: An Updated Review

Synergistic Antioxidant Activity and Optimal Microwave-Assisted Extraction Condition of Caesalpinia sappan L., Hibiscus sabdariffa L., and Clitoria ternatea L. Combinations

Maximizing Curcuminoid Extraction from Curcuma aromatica Salisb. Rhizomes via Environmentally Friendly Microwave-Assisted Extraction Technique Using Full Factorial Design

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