Microwave-assisted hydrothermal carbonization of pig feces for the production of hydrochar

Wang, Jiaxin; Chen, Shuaiwei; Lai, Fa-ying; Liu, Shiyu; Xiong, Jianyin; Zhou, Cong; Yi-Yu,

doi:10.1016/j.supflu.2020.104858

Cited by 33 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…It was reported that hydrochar produced from Prosopis Africana shell at 200°C, 20 minutes in MWAHTC, and 240 minutes in conventional HTC shows similar conversion levels. Numerous study has been carried out in MWAHTC for different waste materials like rice straw, pig feces, human biowaste, dairy manure, corn stalk, and sawdust (Afolabi et al, 2015;Bundhoo, 2018;Gao et al, 2018;Kang et al, 2019;Li et al, 2019;Wang et al, 2020). No study has been conducted on MWAHTC for groundnut shell.…”

Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Densification of Groundnut Shell through Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Carbonization

Komalabharathi¹,

Subramanian²

2022

MAJ

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Modern technology of microwave synthesis was utilized for hydrochar production from groundnut shell biomass. Hydrochar was produced at three different temperatures (180, 200, and 220°C) with 20 minutes of holding time and analyzed for the physicochemical characteristics. The yield of hydrochar and hydrocrude were in the range of 45 to 61 % and 51 to 56 % respectively. The maximum value of the higher heating value of 19.11 MJ/kg was obtained for hydrochar produced at 220°C, which is similar to the higher heating value of lignite (19 MJ/kg). The energy densification ratio of respective hydrochar was 1.13 with 51.77 % energy yield. The result implied that microwave-assisted hydrothermal carbonization was an energyefficient method to produce hydrochar. Hydrochar produced from groundnut shells was an eco-friendly, energy enriched product that can be used as a solid fuel.

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Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Densification of Groundnut Shell through Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Carbonization

Komalabharathi¹,

Subramanian²

2022

MAJ

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“…Using CaO as a catalyst does not need to consider the recovery and toxicity of the catalyst. In the HTC process of pig manure and sewage sludge, CaO has been proven to be a good catalyst, which not only improved the yield of HC but also reduced the harmful components (such as heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) in HC to a certain extent [33,34,[44][45][46]. Interestingly, the addition of CaO in the microwave-assisted HTC of PP as the catalyst inhibited the information of HC on the whole.…”

Section: Yields Of Hcmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The combination of hydrothermal treatment and microwave heating could make the thermal treatment greener, faster, and more efficient [25]. In recent years, microwave-assisted HTC has been applied to the treatment of various biomasses, including lignocellulose [26][27][28], algae [29][30][31], animal manure [32,33], and sewage sludge [34]. PP is a kind of typical lignocellulose, which has its special structural characteristics, that is, a thick foam structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling Pomelo Peel Waste in the Form of Hydrochar Obtained by Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Carbonization

Wang

et al. 2022

Materials

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Pomelo peel (PP) is a kind of solid waste that is produced in the processing industry of honey pomelo. This study deeply explored the feasibility of recycling PP in the form of hydrochar (HC) by microwave-assisted hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) technology. Under the non-catalytic reaction conditions, the yield of hydrochar initially increased with the rise of reaction temperature (150–210 °C) until it remained relatively stable after 210 °C. Under the CaO-catalytical reaction condition, the yield of hydrochar did not change much at first (150–190 °C) but decreased significantly when the reaction temperature exceeded 190 °C. After the microwave-assisted HTC treatment, the PP-derived HC presented higher aromaticity, carbonization degree, porosity, and caloric value. Compared with raw PP, the nutrients in HC were more stable (conducive to being used as slow-release fertilizer). The application of CaO increased the pH value of HC and effectively promoted the accumulation of phosphorus in HC. The HC produced at 210 °C without any catalyst possessing a high devolatilization ability. Additionally, the HC obtained at 190 °C with CaO as the catalyst presented a high combustion property. In general, PP-derived HC showed great application potential in the field of soil remediation/improvement and solid fuels. This preliminary study would undoubtedly provide some important fundamental understanding of the microwave-assisted HTC of PP.

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“…In other words, no pre-dewatering/drying is needed for the HTC process as required in other thermal treatment processes (e.g., pyrolysis, dry gasification, and combustion), which makes it an economically attractive option for the treatment of SM [ 19 ]. Generally speaking, the research on the HTC of SM has been currently carried out regarding the following aspects: (i) the effects of the main process parameters, including reaction temperature/time, solid-liquid ratio, catalyst and heating mode, on the yield/property of hydrochar [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]; (ii) the Co-HTC of SM and lignocellulosic biomass [ 26 , 27 , 28 ]; (iii) the migration and transformation of pollutants (heavy metals and PAHs) existed in raw SM [ 10 , 29 , 30 ]; (iv) inter-comparison of the properties of hydrochar and biochar (pyrolysis) [ 9 , 31 , 32 , 33 ]; and (v) the fate of nutrients contained in raw SM [ 4 , 23 , 34 , 35 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As mentioned above, some studies have been carried out on the fate of nutrients during the HTC of SM, but the focus is primarily on the total content of nutrients retained in hydrochar [ 23 , 27 , 31 , 32 , 33 ]. A few researchers have also paid attention to the contents of nitrate N, ammonium N, available P, and available K in SM-derived hydrochars [ 4 , 21 , 22 ]. In the research by Huang et al [ 34 ], the transformations of P speciation (including five forms) were explored during the HTC of SM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speciation of Main Nutrients (N/P/K) in Hydrochars Produced from the Hydrothermal Carbonization of Swine Manure under Different Reaction Temperatures

et al. 2021

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Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) has been proved to be a promising technology for swine manure (SM) treatment. Currently, there is a lack of systematic understanding of the transformation characteristics of nutrient speciation in the HTC of SM. In this study, the speciation of the main nutrients (N/P/K) in SM-derived hydrochar produced at different reaction temperatures (200–280 °C) was investigated. The recovery of P (61.0–67.1%) in hydrochars was significantly higher than that of N (23.0–39.8%) and K (25.5–30.0%), and the increase in reaction temperature promoted the recovery of P and reduced the recovery of N. After the HTC treatment, the percentage of soluble/available P was reduced from 61.6% in raw SM to 4.0–23.9% in hydrochars, while that of moderately labile/slow-release P was improved from 29.2% in raw SM feedstock to 65.5–82.7%. An obvious reduction was also found in the amounts of available N (from 51.3% in raw SM feedstock to 33.0–40.5% in hydrochars). The percentages of slow-release N and residual N in hydrochars produced at 240 °C reached the maximum and minimum values (46.4% and 18.9%), respectively. A total of 49.5–58.3% of K retained in hydrochars was residual (invalid) potassium. From the perspective of the mobility and availability of N, P and K only, it was suggested that the HTC of SM should be carried out at 220–240 °C. Compared with the original SM, it is safer and more effective to use the SM-derived hydrochar as an organic fertilizer.

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Microwave-assisted hydrothermal carbonization of pig feces for the production of hydrochar

Cited by 33 publications

References 60 publications

Energy Densification of Groundnut Shell through Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Carbonization

Energy Densification of Groundnut Shell through Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Carbonization

Recycling Pomelo Peel Waste in the Form of Hydrochar Obtained by Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Carbonization

Speciation of Main Nutrients (N/P/K) in Hydrochars Produced from the Hydrothermal Carbonization of Swine Manure under Different Reaction Temperatures

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