Microwave-Assisted Solvent Extraction of Inert Platinum Group Metals from HNO<sub>3</sub>(aq) to Betainium-Based Thermomorphic Ionic Liquid

Ikeda, Saki; Mori, Takahiro; Ikeda, Yasuhisa; Kohara, T.

doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b00186

Cited by 34 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Polarization occurred in this heterogeneous system which induced the dipoles in the leaching solution that attempted to align with the electric field by the rotation then colliding with each other generating heat in the material. Therefore, the leaching efficiency of REEs is proportional to microwave power in microwave‐assisted leaching by accelerating the heating process, which increases the reaction rate and solubility of REEs . The responses of the material to the microwave power are not the same as it depends on the properties of the material, including dielectric and magnetic properties.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the leaching efficiency of REEs is proportional to microwave power in microwave-assisted leaching by accelerating the heating process, which increases the reaction rate and solubility of REEs. 40 The responses of the material to the microwave power are not the same as it depends on the properties of the material, including dielectric and magnetic properties. The leaching agent was dilute H 2 SO 4 solutions whose properties were close to those of water.…”

Section: Effect Of Microwave Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microwave‐assisted leaching of rare earth elements (Y and Eu) from waste cathode ray tube phosphor

Lie

Ismadji

Liu

2019

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND Phosphor in discarded cathode ray tube (CRT) contained valuable metals, yttrium (Y) and europium (Eu), which are categorized as technology‐critical elements (TCEs) in terms of their supply risk and importance in emerging technologies. Microwave‐assisted leaching was applied to recover Y and Eu from waste CRT with sulfuric acid (H2SO4) solution as the leaching agent in the current study. It is aimed to develop an alternative leaching method of valuable metals from waste CRT phosphor. RESULTS The effects of microwave power and acid concentration on leaching efficiency of Y and Eu were investigated. Shrinking‐core model could describe the leaching kinetics of Y and Eu well and it was controlled by chemical reaction and diffusion through the product layer. Higher leaching efficiency was found when microwave power increased from 200 to 600 W, and was also found as acid concentration increased from 0.5 to 2 mol L−1. Leaching efficiency of Y and Eu were 78.07% and 100%, respectively, for Y and Eu within 60 min at microwave power of 400 W, using 2 mol L−1 of H2SO4 at 10 g L−1 of solid to liquid ratio. Compared with conventional leaching, microwave‐assisted leaching is an alternative technology that could shorten reaction time significantly. CONCLUSIONS The concentration of acid and microwave power affected microwave‐assisted leaching of Y and Eu from waste CRT phosphor. Microwave‐assisted leaching could be an alternative process for rare earth elements recovery. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Microwave Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave‐assisted leaching of rare earth elements (Y and Eu) from waste cathode ray tube phosphor

Lie

Ismadji

Liu

2019

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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“…The same principle is also applied for performing chemical reactions using microwaves. This technique is commonly used in fields like organic synthesis [1][2][3][4][5][6][7], complex synthesis [8], nanoparticle synthesis [9], solvent extraction [10], and polymer synthesis [11][12][13][14][15]. This process can also achieve high selectivity during synthesis and has been recognized as an excellent manufacturing tool.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermosetting properties of microwave-promoted heating of phenol-formaldehyde resin

Hashimoto

2020

SN Appl. Sci.

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Microwave-promoted heating can successfully accelerate a reaction and reduce the formation of by-products. It is also advantageous for organic synthesis because it can improve the reaction yield and opens possibilities for the development of new types of reactions. Microwave-assisted chemistry is also considered as "sustainable chemistry". In this study, the effect of microwave heating on the curing reaction of phenol-formaldehyde resin is investigated. The phenol-formaldehyde resin is a material that absorbs microwaves efficiently. It has been found that microwave heating accelerates the curing reaction of phenol-formaldehyde resin. Based on differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), it was found that the mechanisms of curing by traditional external heating and by microwave-promoted heating were different. The observed DSC profile showed an increase in the selectivity of the curing reaction by microwave heating, different from the curing reaction by traditional external heating. The observed results can be explained by the relative permittivity and dielectric loss tangent of each component of the phenol-formaldehyde resin.

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“…The contaminants may cause severe pollution to the soil and water and even health problems [24]. Although the microwave-assisted solvent extraction achieved more than 90% of platinum group metals within 10–100 s, the processing capacity limits its commercial application [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Efficient Leaching of Palladium from Spent Catalysts through Oxidation with Fe(III)

Ding

Zheng

et al. 2019

Materials

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Reclamation of spent catalysts for the efficient recovery of palladium (Pd) is gaining growing attention due to its scarcity and high supply risk. Currently Pd extraction from spent catalysts through an efficient, economical, and green method has remained a challenge. In this study, Fe3+ is utilized for leaching through oxidation of Pd in a mild condition. Before leaching, distillation was proposed to remove and recover the organics from spent catalysts. The effects of HCl concentration, Fe3+ concentration, NaCl concentration, leaching time, and temperature on the leaching efficiency of Pd were investigated to determine the optimum leaching conditions. The results show that Pd extraction and dissolution of Al2O3 increase with higher HCl concentration. The effect of NaCl on Pd leaching efficiency is significant at low acid concentration (2.0 mol/L HCl). The leaching efficiency was 99.5% for Pd under the following conditions: 2.0 mol/L HCl, 4.0 mol/L NaCl, and 0.67 mol/L Fe3+ at 80 °C for 90 min. The leaching kinetics fits best to the shrinking-core model of surface chemical reaction. The activation energy for the leaching of Pd was 47.6 kJ/mol. PdCl42− was selectively adsorbed by anion exchange resin. The filtrate containing adequate H+, Cl-, and Fe3+ was reused as leaching agent. Pd leaching efficiency was over 96% after five cycle times. This study provides an efficient process for recovery of Pd from spent catalysts.

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Microwave-Assisted Solvent Extraction of Inert Platinum Group Metals from HNO₃(aq) to Betainium-Based Thermomorphic Ionic Liquid

Cited by 34 publications

References 35 publications

Microwave‐assisted leaching of rare earth elements (Y and Eu) from waste cathode ray tube phosphor

Microwave‐assisted leaching of rare earth elements (Y and Eu) from waste cathode ray tube phosphor

Thermosetting properties of microwave-promoted heating of phenol-formaldehyde resin

An Efficient Leaching of Palladium from Spent Catalysts through Oxidation with Fe(III)

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Microwave-Assisted Solvent Extraction of Inert Platinum Group Metals from HNO3(aq) to Betainium-Based Thermomorphic Ionic Liquid

Cited by 34 publications

References 35 publications

Microwave‐assisted leaching of rare earth elements (Y and Eu) from waste cathode ray tube phosphor

Microwave‐assisted leaching of rare earth elements (Y and Eu) from waste cathode ray tube phosphor

Thermosetting properties of microwave-promoted heating of phenol-formaldehyde resin

An Efficient Leaching of Palladium from Spent Catalysts through Oxidation with Fe(III)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Microwave-Assisted Solvent Extraction of Inert Platinum Group Metals from HNO₃(aq) to Betainium-Based Thermomorphic Ionic Liquid