Microwave‐assisted synthesis, characterization, biotoxicity and antispermatogenic activity of some antimony(III) complexes with N^∩O and N^∩S donor ligands

Abstract

donor systems were synthesized under microwave irradiation using a domestic microwave oven. The reaction time was brought down from hours to a few seconds with improved yield as compared with conventional heating. All the ligands and their antimony(III) derivatives were characterized on the basis of microanalysis, elemental analyses, molecular weight determinations and spectral studies including IR, NMR ( 1 H and 13 C) and electronic spectral studies. A distorted trigonal bipyramidal and pseudo-octahedral geometry around the antimony atom was tentatively proposed for these derivatives. The compounds were screened in vitro against bacteria and fungi to test their antimicrobial property and in vivo in male albino rats to test their antifertility properties. The treatment with the ligands and their phenylantimony derivatives at dose levels of 20 mg per rat per day did not cause any significant change in body weight, but a significant reduction in the weights of reproductive organs was observed. Arrest of spermatogenesis was noted at various stages with production of primary spermatocytes (preleptotene and pachytene), secondary spermatocytes and step-19 spermatids found to be decreased. Biochemical parameters of tissues, i.e. protein, sialic acid, cholesterol content of testes and seminal vesicular fructose also showed significant reduction. Further, the serum testosterone concentrations were also decreased after treatment with ligands and their antimony(III) derivatives.

Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Coordination and Organometallic Compounds

“…The reaction time can be drastically reduced by focused MW of the reaction mixture. Phenylantimony chloride and Sb chloride complexes with Schiff base ligands having N-S and N-O donor systems were synthesized under MW using a domestic microwave oven from hours to a few seconds with improved yield as compared with conventional heating (Mahajan et al, 2008). The treatment with the ligands and their phenylantimony derivatives at dose levels of 20 mg per rat per day did not cause any significant change in body weight, but a significant reduction in the weights of reproductive organs was observed.…”

Microwave-assisted synthesis and antibacterial and pesticidal activity studies of aluminum(III) and gallium(III) complexes with a bioactive Schiff base

“…When we compare this unconventional energy source technology with classical heating, we fi nd that conventional heating process usually starts at the wall of the reactor; because of this, the core takes a much longer time to achieve the target temperature. Rapid and homogeneous heating in an unconventional method has many benefi ts, such as reaction rate acceleration (Varma , 2001 ), milder reaction conditions, higher chemical yield (Mahajan et al , 2007 ); along with these, it is a cost-effective technique and less equipment is required. The shorter reaction time and expanded reaction range offered by microwave-assisted synthesis are suited to increase demand in industry.…”