Microwave-assisted synthesis of palladium nanoparticles supported on copper oxide in aqueous medium as an efficient catalyst for Suzuki cross-coupling reaction

Abstract

We report here a reliable green method for the synthesis of palladium nanoparticles supported on copper oxide as a highly active and efficient catalyst for Suzuki cross-coupling reaction. The experimental synthetic approach is based on microwave-assisted chemical reduction of an aqueous mixture of palladium and copper salt simultaneously using hydrazine hydrate as reducing agent. The catalyst was fully characterized using various techniques showing well-dispersed palladium nanoparticles. The catalytic activity and recyclability of the prepared catalyst were experimentally explored in the ligand-free Suzuki cross-coupling reaction with a diverse series of functionalized substrates. The synthesized Pd/CuO catalyst shows many advantages beside its high catalytic efficiency such as the recyclability of up to five times with negligible loss of catalytic activity, short reaction times, use of environmentally benign solvent systems, and mild reaction conditions.

Polyvinylpyrrolidone - Reduced Graphene Oxide - Pd Nanoparticles as an Efficient Nanocomposite for Catalysis Applications in Cross-Coupling Reactions

“…Nanoclusters have been investigated for many catalytic applications due to their large surface-to-volume ratio. Recently, physical properties, it is of vital importance to control both the catalyst particle size as well as the catalyst particle size distribution [17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. The designed nanostructured materials were used as heterogeneous catalysts and their performance was compared to the traditional powder catalysts.…”

“…It is widely known that one of the most important processes in the field of organic synthesis is the carbon-carbon bond formation through crosscoupling reactions that are catalyzed by transition metals. Those types of reactions are widely used in many areas like agricultural, medicinal, and pharmaceutical applications [11][12][13]23,[38][39][40][41][42]. The new synthetic trends are mainly focused recently on using catalysis at the nano scale for green chemistry using microwave assisted synthesis [11][12][13]15,16,18,20,22,23,[40][41][42][43][44][45][46].…”

“…The defect sites in the reduced Graphene oxide (rGO) act as nucleation centers that enable anchoring of both Pd/PVP nanoparticles and hence, minimize the possibility of agglomeration which leads to a severe decrease in the catalytic activity.one of the main interests that attracted researchers' attention is transition metals based materials, especially when using palladium nanoparticles [5][6][7][8][9][10]. It is well established that palladium-based catalysts have been widely used in homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis due to their several outstanding properties that combine between those of single metal atoms and other bulk metals [11][12][13][14][15][16]. In order to design new compounds with tailored chemical and…”

Pd-Fe3O4/RGO: a Highly Active and Magnetically Recyclable Catalyst for Suzuki Cross Coupling Reaction using a Microfluidic Flow Reactor

“…Over the past few decades, micro-reaction technology has been emerged as an ideal route newly adopted approach could achieve a significant improvement via using safer micro-reactor processes [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. This will definitely improve the capability of producing smaller scale synthetic chemicals on demand and on site at which those products are urgently needed as well [27][28][29].…”

“…Generally, a scalable flow technique by optimizing the reaction parameters under hightemperature and continuous reaction conditions could be successfully developed.to solve several critical issues in many aspects including organic chemistry and applied catalysis [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. This new technology has created new promising horizons for chemical synthesis and industry via performing chemistry under continuous flow reaction conditions instead of the conventional batch chemistry [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. This…”