Microwave-assisted wet co-torrefaction of food sludge and lignocellulose biowaste for biochar production and nutrient recovery

Zheng, Nai-Yun; Lee, Mengshan; Lin, Yi-Li; Samannan, Bharath

doi:10.1016/j.psep.2020.07.032

Cited by 33 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…This is also attributable to a dehydration reaction. In another related study involving food sludge, the H/C and O/C atomic ratios of microchar were reported to be 1.92 and 0.46, respectively [29].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Comparative Investigation of the Physicochemical Properties of Chars Produced by Hydrothermal Carbonization, Pyrolysis, and Microwave-Induced Pyrolysis of Food Waste

et al. 2022

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This work presents a comparative study of the physicochemical properties of chars derived by three thermochemical pathways, namely: hydrothermal carbonization, HTC (at 180, 200 and 220 °C), pyrolysis, PY, (at 500, 600 and 700 °C) and microwave assisted pyrolysis, MW (at 300, 450 and 600 W). The mass yield of HTC samples showed a decrease (78.7 to 26.7%) as the HTC temperature increased from 180 to 220 °C. A similar decreasing trend in the mass yield was also observed after PY (28.45 to 26.67%) and MW (56.45 to 22.44%) of the food waste mixture from 500 to 700 °C and 300 to 600 W, respectively. The calorific value analysis shows that the best among the chars prepared by three different heating methods may be ranked according to the decreasing value of the heating value as: PY500, MW300, and HTC180. Similarly, a decreasing trend in H/C values was observed as: PY500 (0.887), MW300 (0.306), and HTC180 (0.013). The scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses revealed that the structure of the three chars was distinct due to the different temperature gradients provided by the thermochemical processes. The results clearly show that the suitable temperature for the HTC and PY of food waste was 180 °C and 500 °C, respectively, while the suitable power for the MW of food waste was 300 W.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Comparative Investigation of the Physicochemical Properties of Chars Produced by Hydrothermal Carbonization, Pyrolysis, and Microwave-Induced Pyrolysis of Food Waste

et al. 2022

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“…The data in Table 1 clearly show that a higher carbon yield was observed for torrefied biochar obtained at 600 W-300 • C (∼65%). Various parameters like power generation potential (see ( 6)), processing efficiency (𝜂 p ) (see (7)), biomass conversion efficiency (𝜂 c ) (see ( 8)), and net energy balance (NEB) (see ( 9)) were also evaluated [36]. The energy densification is a function of HHVs, as HHV of biochar increases, the corresponding energy density also increases.…”

Section: Energy Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The process of biological degradation occurs due to the attack of fungus-like mould, which adversely affects the yield of biofuels derived from the feedstock. In this regard, dry/wet torrefaction, oxidative torrefaction, and co-torrefaction have gained much attention [7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The torrefaction of various biomasses was studied by varying the factors like particle size, microwave power, time, and temperature [11,12]. Slow co-pyrolysis or torrefaction of biomass with waste plastic is also an effective way to reduce the carbon footprint of the energy generation process [7,13]. Conventional and microwave-assisted torrefaction of wood pellets and pelletized wood were also investigated [14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microwave‐assisted torrefaction and pyrolysis of rice straw pellets for bioenergy

Prashanth

Gurrala

Mohan

et al. 2022

IET Renewable Power Gen

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The highlights of this study involve the use of microwave heating for torrefaction and pyrolysis of pelletized rice straw for the generation of high‐quality bio‐char pellets, and thorough energy assessment of the process. The effects of microwave power and final temperature on the product yields and their quality were thoroughly assessed. At 600 W power, the bio‐char yield followed the trend: 33.7 wt.% (800°C) < 35.5 wt.% (600°C) < 55.6 wt.% (300°C). Bio‐char yield was unaffected by microwave power at the final temperature of 300°C. High yield of moisture (23.5 wt.%) with a minimal amount of bio‐oil (10.5 wt.%) and gases (10.7 wt.%) were obtained at 600 W and 300°C. The major functional groups in the bio‐oil were phenols (∼40%), cyclic oxygenates (∼16%), furan derivatives (∼20%) and aliphatic oxygenates (16%). Bio‐char obtained from torrefaction at 600 W and 300°C possessed a calorific value of 17.2 MJ/kg with limiting oxygen index of 36.7%, and power generation potential of 4.8 kWh/kg. Overall, microwave‐assisted torrefaction is shown to be a promising process intensification strategy to derive high‐quality bio‐char in a short time of 5–10 min with high process efficiency (51–56%) and comparable biomass conversion efficiency (∼83%) with respect to conventional pyrolysis.

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“…In fact, ZnCl 2 contributes to the formation of AC with favorable characteristics such as greater surface area, smaller pore size, and pore volume, as well as increased carbon yield and a large number of reactive groups for absorbing contaminants [ 17 ]. Additionally, microwave radiation was the method employed in this study because it has a number of advantageous features, including minimal processing, high final product amount, process control, superior heat transfer, homogenous heating performance, and power density [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Surface-Area-Activated Carbon Derived from Mango Peels and Seeds Wastes via Microwave-Induced ZnCl2 Activation for Adsorption of Methylene Blue Dye Molecules: Statistical Optimization and Mechanism

et al. 2022

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In this study, Mango (Mangifera indica) seeds (MS) and peels (MP) seeds mixed fruit wastes were employed as a renewable precursor to synthesize high-surface-area-activated carbon (MSMPAC) by using microwave-induced ZnCl2 activation. Thus, the applicability of MSMPAC was evaluated towards the removal of cationic dye (methylene blue, MB) from an aqueous environment. The key adsorption factors, namely A: MSMPAC dose (0.02–0.1 g), B: pH (4–10), and C: time (5–15 min), were inspected using the desirability function of the Box-Behnken design (BBD). Thus, the adsorption isotherm data were found to correspond well with the Langmuir model with a maximum adsorption capacity of (232.8 mg/g). Moreover, the adsorption kinetics were consistent with both pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models. The spontaneous and endothermic nature of MB adsorption on the MSMPAC surface could be inferred from the negative ∆G° values and positive value of ∆H°, respectively. Various mechanisms namely electrostatic forces, pore filling, π-π stacking, and H-bonding govern MB adsorption by the MSMPAC. This study demonstrates the utility of MS and MP as renewable precursors to produce high-surface area MSMPAC with a potential application towards the removal of cationic organic dyes such as MB.

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Microwave-assisted wet co-torrefaction of food sludge and lignocellulose biowaste for biochar production and nutrient recovery

Cited by 33 publications

References 48 publications

Comparative Investigation of the Physicochemical Properties of Chars Produced by Hydrothermal Carbonization, Pyrolysis, and Microwave-Induced Pyrolysis of Food Waste

Comparative Investigation of the Physicochemical Properties of Chars Produced by Hydrothermal Carbonization, Pyrolysis, and Microwave-Induced Pyrolysis of Food Waste

Microwave‐assisted torrefaction and pyrolysis of rice straw pellets for bioenergy

High-Surface-Area-Activated Carbon Derived from Mango Peels and Seeds Wastes via Microwave-Induced ZnCl2 Activation for Adsorption of Methylene Blue Dye Molecules: Statistical Optimization and Mechanism

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