Microwave Chemical and Materials Processing

Horikoshi, Satoshi; Schiffmann, Robert F.; Fukushima, Jun; Serpone, Nick

doi:10.1007/978-981-10-6466-1

Cited by 88 publications

(102 citation statements)

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“…For example, when water is microwave-heated in a quartz test tube, that heat is lost at the water/quartz-wall interface and creates a temperature gradient between the inner core of the water sample and the interface as illustrated in Figure 2. [4] (ii) Penetration depth of microwave energy -Material heating occurs by absorption of microwave energy through the surface of the material, and by thermal loss (i. e., use of that microwave energy by the material). The penetration depth of microwaves into a sample limits the extent of microwave heating.…”

Section: Disadvantageous Features Of Microwave Heatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By contrast, microwaves leak out from a hole in a manner reminiscent of a water fountain. To prevent microwave leakage in such cases, round metallic pipes are installed in the microwave applicator; the hole diameters and pipe lengths are summarized in Figure 3, [4] which displays a graphic of the microwave shield ratio as a function of the distances between the holes (hole intervals; i. e., distances between the pipes). Here again, the smaller the 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 distances between the holes (pipe location) and the smaller the hole sizes (i. e., internal diameter of the pipes), the greater is the shield ratio and the lesser the chances of any microwave leakages.…”

Section: Disadvantageous Features Of Microwave Heatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Figure 4 shows a photograph in which a reflux condenser and a thermometer were introduced into the applicator's interior. [4] We should keep in mind that the leakage rate changes with the conductivity and the size of the pipes introduced into the hole. It cannot be overemphasized, however, that microwave leakages can lead to health problems to the user of microwave radiation.…”

Section: Disadvantageous Features Of Microwave Heatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, various factors impact microwave chemistry; the interconnections between such factors are summarized in Figure 6. [4]…”

Section: Demand Factors For a Successful Microwave Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plots showing the microwave shield ratio against the distances between the holes (i. e., between the pipes) for various hole sizes (internal diameter of the pipes); Note the log-log scale of the plots. Reproduced from ref [4]…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microwave Flow Chemistry as a Methodology in Organic Syntheses, Enzymatic Reactions, and Nanoparticle Syntheses

Horikoshi

Serpone

2018

The Chemical Record

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Several studies have used microwaves as a heat source for carrying out various types of reactions employing circulation reaction vessels. The microwave flow chemical synthesis methodology is most appropriate in the use of microwaves in chemical syntheses. It can attenuate the problem of microwave heating (non-uniform heating and penetration depth) and maximize the benefits (rapid heating and first temperature adjustments). In this brief review, we examine and explain some of the relevant features of microwave heating with applicative examples of the usage of microwave flow chemistry equipment in carrying out organic syntheses, enzymatic reactions, and (not least) nanoparticle syntheses. Keywords: Microwave heating, Microwave organic flow synthesis, Microwave-assisted catalyzed flow reactions, Microwave flow synthesis of biomaterials, Microwave flow synthesis of nanoparticles e * ¼ e 0 Àje 00 ð1Þwhere e' and e'' are the dielectric constant and the dielectric loss, respectively, and j ¼ ffiffiffiffiffiffi ffi À1 p. The ratio of the dielectric loss to the dielectric constant is given by the loss tangent and is expressed by eqn. 2:[a] S. Horikoshi

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Section: Disadvantageous Features Of Microwave Heatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Disadvantageous Features Of Microwave Heatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Disadvantageous Features Of Microwave Heatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, various factors impact microwave chemistry; the interconnections between such factors are summarized in Figure 6. [4]…”

Section: Demand Factors For a Successful Microwave Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microwave Flow Chemistry as a Methodology in Organic Syntheses, Enzymatic Reactions, and Nanoparticle Syntheses

Horikoshi

Serpone

2018

The Chemical Record

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Energy‐Saving Pathways for Thermoelectric Nanomaterial Synthesis: Hydrothermal/Solvothermal, Microwave‐Assisted, Solution‐Based, and Powder Processing

2022

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The pillars of Green Chemistry necessitate the development of new chemical methodologies and processes that can benefit chemical synthesis in terms of energy efficiency, conservation of resources, product selectivity, operational simplicity and, crucially, health, safety, and environmental impact. Implementation of green principles whenever possible can spur the growth of benign scientific technologies by considering environmental, economical, and societal sustainability in parallel. These principles seem especially important in the context of the manufacture of materials for sustainable energy and environmental applications. In this review, the production of energy conversion materials is taken as an exemplar, by examining the recent growth in the energy-efficient synthesis of thermoelectric nanomaterials for use in devices for thermal energy harvesting. Specifically, "soft chemistry" techniques such as solution-based, solvothermal, microwave-assisted, and mechanochemical (ball-milling) methods as viable and sustainable alternatives to processes performed at high temperature and/or pressure are focused. How some of these new approaches are also considered to thermoelectric materials fabrication can influence the properties and performance of the nanomaterials so-produced and the prospects of developing such techniques further.

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Microwave‐assisted rapid fabrication of robust polyetherimide bead foam parts

Feng

2020

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Polyetherimide (PEI) is an important candidate for fabrication of highperformance polymer foams. Nevertheless, the manufacture of PEI foamed parts with specific three-dimensional geometry shape and lightweight properties remains a big challenge worldwide. Herein, a microwave (MW)-assisted foaming and selective sintering approach was proposed towards rapid fabrication of robust PEI bead foams. During the process, compressed carbon dioxide/tetrahydrofuran was used as physical co-foaming agent, and the surface-coated graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) was used as MW absorbent. Upon MW irradiation, the GNPs selectively heated and served as solders that effectively facilitated the foaming of expandable PEI (EPEI) beads, and strongly promoted the local polymer melt and entanglement across the surface of EPEI beads. The MW irradiation power and time were considered as the important parameters to achieve fine inter-bead bonding strength between foamed beads. As a model system, we successfully fabricated a 25-mmthickness foamed part with an apparent density of 0.32 g/cm 3 and achieved excellent inter-bead bonding performance. Specifically, we also utilized the COMSOL Multiphysics simulations to study the MW selective heating mechanism. This MW-assisted fabrication strategy offers a new foaming approach toward high-performance polymer foamed parts for many advanced applications.

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Microwave Chemical and Materials Processing

Cited by 88 publications

References 0 publications

Microwave Flow Chemistry as a Methodology in Organic Syntheses, Enzymatic Reactions, and Nanoparticle Syntheses

Microwave Flow Chemistry as a Methodology in Organic Syntheses, Enzymatic Reactions, and Nanoparticle Syntheses

Energy‐Saving Pathways for Thermoelectric Nanomaterial Synthesis: Hydrothermal/Solvothermal, Microwave‐Assisted, Solution‐Based, and Powder Processing

Microwave‐assisted rapid fabrication of robust polyetherimide bead foam parts

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