Fiber surface modification refers to the process of performing special chemical or physical treatment on the fiber surface to make it have the required performance or function. Composite materials refer to new materials artificially combining materials with different properties. The combined materials must be two or more than two, and the new materials formed by the combination have obvious interfaces. With the continuous advancement of science and technology, the economic level of sports has also been greatly improved, and more and more people have realized the importance of sports equipment in sports. This article aims to study the relationship between sports equipment with dielectric properties and fiber surface modified composite materials. This paper proposes the use of alkali treatment and plasma treatment for surface modification of fibres, the fibres before and after treatment as reinforcement for the matrix, and the preparation of composites by vacuum infusion moulding process to analyse the surface changes of fibres. Through the analysis of fiber materials, it is found that it can be applied to the field of sports equipment including graphene rubber composite materials. The experimental results in this article show that when 50% rubber is added, the thermal decomposition temperature is 400℃, and the thermal decomposition temperature is increased by 35%. When 1.2g of material is added, the tear strength of the rubber composite is increased by 78%. , When 1.1g of material is added, the tensile strength of rubber composite is increased by 161%. When 1g of material is added, the tensile strength of rubber composite is increased by 73%. When 0.5g of material is added, rubber composite the tensile strength of the material has increased by 43%.