Microwave Electronics

Abstract

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An Analytic Theory of Multi-stream Electron Beams in Traveling Wave Tubes

“…Kinematic analysis of the CCTWT operation involves: (i) the electron velocity modulation in gaps of the klystron cavities; (ii) consequent electron bunching; (iii) the energy exchange between the e-beam to the EM field; (iv) the energy transfer from the e-beam to the EM field under proper conditions and consequent RF signal amplification. The listed subjects were thoroughly studied by many scholars, see, for instance, [Caryo], [ChoWes], [Gilm1,15], [Grigo,7.2], [Tsim,], [Shev, II] and references therein. When presenting relevant to us conclusions of the studies we follow mostly to the hydrokinetic (ballistic) approach that utilizes the Eulerian (spatial) and the Lagrangian (material) descriptions (points of view) as in [Tsim,] and [Shev, II].…”

“…Theorem 2 shows how the MCK dispersion function D K (ω, k) and its high-frequency approximation D Interestingly, there is an empirical formula due to Tsimring that shows the dependence of the maximum power gain G T (N ) on the number N of cavities in the klystron, [Tsim,7.7.1], [Grigo,7.2.6], [ValMid,16]:…”

Beyond the ordinary acoustoelectric effect: Superluminal phenomena in the acoustic realm and phonon-mediated Bloch gain

“…In this section, we discuss the role of the induced Doppler effects in nonlinear mechanisms, similar to laser-plasma interactions [28,47] and relativistic microwave devices [48], leading to formation of traveling electron bunches. In the presence of a small-amplitude acoustic wave some of the electrons are captured by the propagating potential, forming a group of trapped electrons (electron bunch) and perform oscillatory motion within potential itself.…”

Beyond the ordinary acoustoelectric effect: superluminal phenomena in the acoustic realm and phonon-mediated Bloch gain

“…3(c) and they are facilitated on the boundaries of the first and the third Brillouin zone.Thus, we obtain an realization of Umklapp processes which result in the inelastic scattering of electron back into the regime of normal Doppler effect. In this Section we discuss the role of the induced Doppler effects in nonlinear mechanisms, similar to laserplasma interactions [28,47] and relativistic microwave devices [48], leading to formation of traveling electron bunches. In the presence of a small-amplitude acoustic wave some of the electrons are captured by the propagating potential, forming a group of trapped electrons (electron bunch) and perform oscillatory motion within potential itself.…”