Microwave-free magnetometry with nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond

Wickenbrock, Arne; Zheng, Huijie; Bougas, Lykourgos; Leefer, N.; Afach, S.; Jarmola, Andrey; Acosta, Víctor M.; Budker, Dmitry

doi:10.1063/1.4960171

Cited by 126 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Microwave field inhomogeneities that are typically more problematic for pulsed techniques would benefit from recently proposed methodologies for generating robust pulse sequences [60]. Other promising directions for spin-based sensing involve all-optical techniques in diamond for electrometry [61]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-sensitivity spin-based electrometry with an ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond

et al. 2017

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We demonstrate a spin-based, all-dielectric electrometer based on an ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy (NV − ) defects in diamond. An applied electric field causes energy-level shifts symmetrically away from the NV − 's degenerate triplet states via the Stark effect; this symmetry provides immunity to temperature fluctuations allowing for shot-noise-limited detection. Using an ensemble of NV − s, we demonstrate shot-noise-limited sensitivities approaching 1 (V/cm)/ √ Hz under ambient conditions, at low frequencies (<10 Hz), and over a large dynamic range (20 dB). A theoretical model for the ensemble of NV − s fits well with measurements of the ground-state electric susceptibility parameter k ⊥ . Implications of spin-based, dielectric sensors for micron-scale electric-field sensing are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-sensitivity spin-based electrometry with an ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond

et al. 2017

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“…We note here, that the measurements using diamond sample F11 were previously reported in Ref. [13]. The sample was initially built into the PL-detection setup in Mainz, and for this work we replaced it with a more dilute sample W4.…”

Section: Experimental Setupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, we demonstrated a novel MW-free magnetometric protocol based on the properties of the NV-center's ground-state level anti-crossing (GSLAC) [13]. Applying a ∼102.4 mT background MF causes an avoided crossing between two of the ground-state NV Zeeman-sublevels, resulting in spin-population transfer observable in changes of the NV-PL or 1042 nm absorption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Level anti-crossing magnetometry with color centers in diamond

et al. 2017

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Recent developments in magnetic field sensing with negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy centers (NV) in diamond employ magnetic-field (MF) dependent features in the photoluminescence (PL) and eliminate the need for microwaves (MW). Here, we study two approaches towards improving the magnetometric sensitivity using the ground-state level anti-crossing (GSLAC) feature of the NV center at a background MF of 102.4 mT. Following the first approach, we investigate the feature parameters for precise alignment in a dilute diamond sample; the second approach extends the sensing protocol into absorption via detection of the GSLAC in the diamond transmission of a 1042 nm laser beam. This leads to an increase of GSLAC contrast and results in a magnetometer with a sensitivity of 0.45 nT/ √ Hz and a photon shot-noise limited sensitivity of 12.2 pT/ √ Hz.

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“…Reaching this limit was not possible in our experiment due to limited precision and stability of the applied magnetic field. This could be improved by using, e.g., an electromagnet [41].…”

Section: All-optical Magnetic Noise Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[33]. While the GSLAC of the NV centre has been previously studied and exploited in several works [34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41], there is little knowledge about how T 1 varies and how the spin dynamics (including optical initialization) behaves at transition frequencies relevant to NMR, close to the GSLAC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anticrossing Spin Dynamics of Diamond Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers and All-Optical Low-Frequency Magnetometry

et al. 2016

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We investigate the photo-induced spin dynamics of single nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centres in diamond near the electronic ground state level anti-crossing (GSLAC), which occurs at an axial magnetic field around 1024 G. Using optically detected magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we first find that the electron spin transition frequency can be tuned down to 100 kHz for the 14 NV centre, while for the 15 NV centre the transition strength vanishes for frequencies below about 2 MHz owing to the GSLAC level structure. Using optical pulses to prepare and readout the spin state, we observe coherent spin oscillations at 1024 G for the 14 NV, which originate from spin mixing induced by residual transverse magnetic fields. This effect is responsible for limiting the smallest observable transition frequency, which can span two orders of magnitude from 100 kHz to tens of MHz depending on the local magnetic noise. A similar feature is observed for the 15 NV centre at 1024 G. As an application of these findings, we demonstrate all-optical detection and spectroscopy of externally-generated fluctuating magnetic fields at frequencies from 8 MHz down to 500 kHz, using a 14 NV centre. Since the Larmor frequency of most nuclear spin species lies within this frequency range near the GSLAC, these results pave the way towards all-optical, nanoscale nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, using longitudinal spin cross-relaxation.

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Microwave-free magnetometry with nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond

Cited by 126 publications

References 28 publications

High-sensitivity spin-based electrometry with an ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond

High-sensitivity spin-based electrometry with an ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond

Level anti-crossing magnetometry with color centers in diamond

Anticrossing Spin Dynamics of Diamond Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers and All-Optical Low-Frequency Magnetometry

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