Microwave-irradiated rapid synthesis of antimicrobial pyrazine derivatives in reactive eutectic media

Abstract

Herein, we report of the use of reactive eutectic media from ammonium formate and monosaccharides to synthesize poly(hydroxyalkyl)pyrazines via microwave irradiation. This enabled unprecedented fast rates as well as better...

Eutectic Media Open a Synthetic Route to Oligocitrazinic Acid Fluorophores of Purple Hue

“…This is because collisions between the reactants are much more frequent and give higher reaction rates, which often results in high purity of the products with high selectivity. [35,[37][38][39] Reaction kinetics, monitored over time by UV-vis absorption spectroscopy (Figure 1, right), show a similar trend. The band at 340 nm (associated with CzA) develops initially but decreases over time in favour of an increasing band intensities at 520 and 560 nm.…”

“…We recently discovered that AF is able to form eutectic mixtures with many hydrogen bond donors [34,35] . Those mixtures have commonalities with eutectic mixtures of Lewis acids and bases commonly referred as deep eutectic solvents (DES) due to their similarities with ionic liquids.…”

“…Solvent‐free reactions are known to offer remarkable advantage, when compared to solution reactions because of the change in reaction kinetics. This is because collisions between the reactants are much more frequent and give higher reaction rates, which often results in high purity of the products with high selectivity [35,37–39] …”

“…We recently discovered that AF is able to form eutectic mixtures with many hydrogen bond donors. [34,35] Those mixtures have commonalities with eutectic mixtures of Lewis acids and bases commonly referred as deep eutectic solvents (DES) due to their similarities with ionic liquids. Namely, eutectic mixtures containing AF are liquid at relatively low temperatures and show typical glass transition of a one-phase system.…”