Microwave Magnetic Field Coupling with Nitrogen-Vacancy Center Ensembles in Diamond with High Homogeneity

Microstrip-line resonator with broadband, circularly polarized, uniform microwave field for nitrogen vacancy center ensembles in diamond

“…4,5 The NVcenter ensemble is promising for magnetic measuring and temperature measuring devices 6,7 according to its extraordinary properties, such as long spin coherence time, 8 visible initialization and read-out 9 and microwave (MW) manipulation. 10,11 State manipulation 12 of the NVcenter ensembles through the MW field 13,14 provides strong technical support for measurement of the magnetic field. 14,15 However, the manipulation of the spin state relies on an applied bias magnetic field provided by Helmholtz coils in general, which is difficult to reduce the device volume.…”

“…10,11 State manipulation 12 of the NVcenter ensembles through the MW field 13,14 provides strong technical support for measurement of the magnetic field. 14,15 However, the manipulation of the spin state relies on an applied bias magnetic field provided by Helmholtz coils in general, which is difficult to reduce the device volume. Aim at this problem, the spin transitions selectively by the circularly polarized MW field takes advantage of polarization selection rules, making the magnetic field measurement in zero magnetic field possible.…”

“…17 And another circularly polarized planar MW resonator was proposed by Johannes Herrmann et al, 18 but the bandwidth of the resonator was only 60 MHz when the input return loss (S 11 ) was -10 dB. Besides, a non-circularly polarized resonator with high ARTICLE scitation.org/journal/adv homogeneity was proposed by Ning Zhang et al 14 And the resonator with an ultra-broadband (15.8 GHz) coplanar waveguide for optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) ensured that electron spins could be manipulated under external magnetic field up to 5000 G. 19 Both the loop-gap resonator used by D. Suter et al 20 and the two-port MW resonator used by David D. Awschalom et al 21 can provide non-circularly polarized MW field with high homogeneity.…”

Principles and techniques of the quantum diamond microscope

“…The simplest way to apply a MW field to the NVs is with a piece of wire connected to a coaxial cable. The QDM MW field is ideally uniform across the NV layer field of view, and there are a variety of alternative engineered MW antennas that aim to optimize the MW field homogeneity, efficiency, or bandwidth [91][92][93][94][95][96][97]. By the transition selection rules, the transitions between 3 A 2 sublevels require left-circularly or right-circularly polarized MW [98].…”

Broadband loop gap resonator for nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond

“…For application modalities such as those discussed above, the MW field requires both high power and uniformity in order to achieve high-fidelity quantum state manipulation over the full measurement region. Standard approaches to applying MW drive to NV ensembles or other solid state spin systems include shorted coaxial loops 36,37 , microstrip waveguides 38,39 , coplanar waveguides 40 , and other coaxial transmission line approaches 41 . While such broadband approaches allow abitrary drive frequency, the lack of resonant enhancement forces a compromise between the volume addressed (assuming a fixed homogeneity is required) and MW field strength, denoted B 1 .…”