Microwave Preionization Plasma in a Tokamak

Abstract

A currentless plasma has been obtained in a tokamak device using a powerful microwave at electron cyclotron frequency generated by gyrotron systems. Its electron density is up to 8×1012cm-3; the electron temperature is up to 50 eV; the particle confinement time is about. 0.5ms; the heating efficiency is above 25%. The effect of the plasma on the toroidal breakdown and the heating mechanism have been studied.

Electron cyclotron wave current startup experiment on the CT-6B tokamak

“…In the electron cyclotron wave heating experiments previously performed on this device, obvious heating effects have been observed at a downshifted resonance frequency even for ω ce /ω = 2 [13], where ω ce is the central electron cyclotron frequency and ω is the frequency of the injected microwave beam. In an electron cyclotron resonance preionization experiment previously performed on the CT-6B tokamak [14], a currentless plasma with line averaged electron density n e = 8 × 10 12 cm −3 and electron temperature T e = 50 eV was obtained by injecting electron cyclotron waves alone.…”

Reliability Analysis Based on Fault Tree of Failure of Boiler Drum

“…have put forward a new kind of method called probability fatigue failure analysis.Provided theinitial fatigue quality is known, the result that its fatigue reliability analysis model predicts is relatively ideal and has high accuracy [2]. Other methods, such as IC method, first-order second-moment methodand Monte Carlo method, require a large amount of data to support [3]. Against the above problems, and in order to analyze the reliability of the drum both comprehensively and quickly, the author adopts fault tree analysis method that is characterized by intuition, clarityand logicality and can do both qualitative and quantitative analysis to analyze the reliability of the drum.…”