Microwave Sensor for Ethanol Fuel Analysis Based on Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Correra, Fatima Salete; Becari, Wesley; Rodrigues, Daniel; Peres, Henrique E. M.

doi:10.2174/1573413713666161228142437

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Many researchers have been active in different areas of sensor design to detect different types of alcohol such as methanol, 3,4 ethanol, 5,6 and iso‐amyl alcohol 7 . The difference between these papers is in the sensitivity and Q‐factor of their sensors; therefore, the higher sensitivity and Q‐factor of the sensor and its small dimensions, showing the desired result with a small amount of sample, indicates the high quality of the sensor 8 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of low‐loss aqueous solutions permittivity with high detection accuracy by a contact and free‐label resonance microwave sensor

Navaei

Rezaei

Kiani

2022

Int J Communication

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SummaryIn this paper, a microwave sensor is designed and built to measure the permittivity of aqueous solutions. The samples used in this experiment are different purities of ethanol mixed with water. Ethanol solution with different purities is a widely used material in industry. Structures of meander, ladder, and T‐structure were used to design the sensor. Then the designed sensor is simulated in CST software in range of relative dielectric from 10 to 80. After obtaining the desired answer in the simulation, the proposed sensor is built on the Rogers 4003 substrate, the built‐in sensor measured ethanol solution with a purity of 5% to 35% (equivalent to permittivity of 76 to 58), and is showed a sensitivity of 4% and a Q‐factor of 3500. The results of simulation and measurement are consistent with each other, and they indicated that the proposed sensor beyond the fluids can be supported and determine their relative dielectrics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of low‐loss aqueous solutions permittivity with high detection accuracy by a contact and free‐label resonance microwave sensor

Navaei

Rezaei

Kiani

2022

Int J Communication

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A compact tri‐band microwave resonator for ethanol gas detection

Alsath

Savarimuthu

Erattaiselvam

et al. 2019

Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng

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This article presents the design, simulation, fabrication, and testing of a compact two‐port microwave resonator coated with nanomaterials for ethanol gas sensing applications. The proposed gas sensor consists of a transmission line loaded with three triangular split ring resonators for ethanol detection at three frequency bands viz. 2.2, 4.6, and 6.3 GHz. The transmission line has all‐pass characteristics in which band gaps are introduced using three split ring resonators. The TiO2 and ZnO nanorods are used as sensitive layers for the proposed sensing application. The nanorods, which are grown on a glass substrate of thickness 1 mm, are loaded on to the two‐port microwave resonator making the device sensitive to ethanol. The microwave behavior of the sensor is analyzed using the scattering parameters. The absorption of the ethanol gas causes frequency detuning which is used to analyze the presence of ethanol and its concentration. From the experiments, it is understood that there is an increase in the frequency shift with an increase in the concentration of ethanol gas. The sensing device with ZnO as a sensitive layer showed a higher average sensitivity of 2.35 compared to TiO2 whose average sensitivity is 1.29.

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Liquids electrical characterization sensor using a hybrid SIW resonant cavity

Caleffo

Correra

2018

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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A new sensor based on substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology is proposed as an option for liquids electrical characterization. The sensor employs a rectangular waveguide resonant cavity filled with air, with two opposite side walls implemented by closely spaced metallic vias. The resulting structure is a hybrid SIW resonant cavity. The two noncontinuous walls of the hybrid SIW cavity allow the liquid insertion, filling its entire internal volume. The resonance frequency of the hybrid SIW cavity is used to determine the dielectric constant of the liquid to be characterized. A sensor using a hybrid SIW cavity operating in TE101 mode was designed to resonate at 5.9 GHz when filled with air. The sensor was employed to measure the dielectric constant of binary mixtures of distilled water and ethanol. Dielectric constants ranging from 21 to 79 were obtained, corresponding to measured resonance frequencies from 1,247 to 647 MHz, respectively. Good agreement was observed between computational electromagnetic simulation and experimental results. The dependence of the volumetric fraction of ethanol in the binary mixture on the sensor resonance frequency was expressed using a third‐order polynomial approximation.

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Microwave Sensor for Ethanol Fuel Analysis Based on Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Measurement of low‐loss aqueous solutions permittivity with high detection accuracy by a contact and free‐label resonance microwave sensor

Measurement of low‐loss aqueous solutions permittivity with high detection accuracy by a contact and free‐label resonance microwave sensor

A compact tri‐band microwave resonator for ethanol gas detection

Liquids electrical characterization sensor using a hybrid SIW resonant cavity

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