Microwave sintering of silicon nitride-based ceramics

Paranosenkov, V. P.; Bykov, Yu. V.; Kholoptsev, V. V.; Chikina, A. A.; Shkarupa, I. L.; Меркулова, А. В.

doi:10.1007/bf02768226

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Additionally, the time evolution of the density, porosity, and the crystallization of silica aerogel observed in the microwave process is similar to the one observed in the conventional process [9], but during the microwave treatment, this evolution occurs at temperatures approximately 200°C lower. A successful use of millimeter wave heating to sinter materials such as boron carbide [10,11], alumina [12], and silicon nitride [13,14] has been reported recently. It has been found that the irradiation by millimeter waves enables very high heating rates to be achieved and reduces the time for grain growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Sintering of Silica Xerogel Ceramic Derived from Sago Waste Ash Using Sub-millimeter Wave Heating with a 300 GHz CW Gyrotron

Aripin

Mitsudo

Sudiana

et al. 2011

J Infrared Milli Terahz Waves

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In this paper, we present and discuss experimental results from a microwave sintering of a silica-glass ceramic, produced from a silica xerogel extracted from a sago waste ash. As a radiation source for the microwave heating a sub-millimeter wave gyrotron (Gyrotron FU CW I) with an output frequency of 300 GHz has been used. The powders of silica xerogel have been dry pressed and then sintered at temperatures ranging from 300°C to 1500°C. The influence of the sintering temperature on the technological properties such as porosity and bulk density was studied in detail. Furthermore, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy have been used in order to study the structure of the produced silica glass-ceramics. It has been found that the silica xerogel crystallizes at a temperature of 800°C, which is about 200°C lower than the one observed in the conventional process. The silica xerogel samples sintered by their irradiation with a sub-millimeter wave at 900°C for 18 minutes are fully crystallized into a silica glassceramic with a density of about 2.2 g/cm 3 and cristobalite as a major crystalline phase. The results obtained in this study allow one to conclude that the microwave sintering with sub-millimeter waves is an appropriate technological process for production of silica glass-ceramics from a silica xerogel and is characterized with such advantages as shorter times of the thermal cycle, lower sintering temperatures and higher quality of the final product.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Sintering of Silica Xerogel Ceramic Derived from Sago Waste Ash Using Sub-millimeter Wave Heating with a 300 GHz CW Gyrotron

Aripin

Mitsudo

Sudiana

et al. 2011

J Infrared Milli Terahz Waves

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“…With a growing industrial microwave heating market of USD 970.27 million in 2022, [17] microwave sintering promises a more efficient (as high as ≈80-90% volumetric heat generation efficiency) and economic densification approach (with energy saving of ≈90% over conventional sintering) for the ceramic industries. [35] Different ceramic oxides (such as SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , KAlSi 3 O 8 , CaCO 3 ), carbides (such as SiC, B 4 C), and nitrides (such as SiN, BN) can be sintered using microwaves at a faster dielectric heating rate that shows its scaling-up potential, [36][37][38][39][40] and nominates microwave sintering as an alternative to conventional sintering. However, challenges associated with heterogeneous ceramic material properties, sample geometry, microstructure, and thermal effects arising during microwave sintering limit the adoption of microwave sintering for manufacturing ceramics at the industrial scale and are discussed in detail below (Figure 3).…”

Section: Challenges Associated With Scaling-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Making the Case for Scaling Up Microwave Sintering of Ceramics

Aman,

Acharya,

Reeja‐Jayan

2024

Adv Eng Mater

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The densification and sintering of ceramics using microwaves was first reported in the mid‐1960s. Today, the reduced carbon footprint of this process has renewed interest as it uses less energy overall compared to conventional process heating/furnaces. However, scaling‐up and commercializing the microwave sintering process of ceramics remains a formidable challenge. As a contactless method, microwave sintering offers geometric flexibility over other field‐assisted sintering processes. Yet, the inability to address multi‐scale, multi‐physics‐driven heterogeneities arising during microwave coupling limits discussions about a future scale‐up process. We make the case here that unlike 60 years ago, new advances in multiscale computational modeling, materials characterization, control systems and software open up new avenues for addressing these challenges. More importantly, the rise of additive manufacturing techniques demands the innovation of sintering processes in the ceramics community for realizing near‐net‐shaped and complex parts for applications ranging from medical implants to automotive and aerospace parts.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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