Microwave Sintering of YSZ Electrolyte Materials for SOFC

Wang, Xi Tang; Kale, Girish M.

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.368-372.238

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The interest in nanoparticles of NiO and its compounds is mainly due to their high physico‐chemical activity in various applications listed above as a result of high surface area, and also because of ease with which it can be sintered at low temperatures to high density. Nanoparticulate compacts have the ability to sinter to high density at much lower temperatures as a result of high surface area and exhibit high fracture toughness . However, from a commercial perspective, it is important to synthesize nanopowders of NiO more quickly in an environmentally friendly and cost‐effective manner.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Ion‐Exchange Process for the Preparation of Metal Oxide Nanopowders from Sodium Alginate

2012

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A novel and generic sol-gel method has been developed for the production of high purity metal oxide nanopowders using sodium alginate. This has been demonstrated successfully employing nickel oxide (NiO) as a model material in this instance. The results of this investigation indicate that the final particle size of~20 nm can be obtained after calcination of the predried beads at 500°C for 3 h in ambient air. An insight into the calcination process has been obtained using simultaneous thermo-gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (TGA/DSC) and high temperature X-ray diffraction (HT-XRD). Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirms that the obtained samples are single phase cubic NiO powders with no trace of impurity. During the phase transformation, NiO + NiO 2 have been found to coexist between 250°C and 350°C and a reaction scheme is proposed to account for this. The mean crystallite sizes calculated from XRD analysis using Rietveld refinement method is in good agreement with the morphological features observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The NiO nanopowders produced in this study exhibit negligible strain as indicated using Rietveld refinement procedure. The XRD and TEM analyses indicate that there is a significant influence of calcination temperature and time on the particle size, which increases with increasing temperature and annealing time. This new sol-gel method is a simple, environmentally friendly, and nontoxic route for a large scale production of high purity single phase nanopowders in a cost-effective manner at significantly low temperatures. The process described in this study can yield 200 kg of NiO nanopowders per ton of dried Ni-ALG beads.J. Nino-contributing editor Manuscript No. 30902.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Ion‐Exchange Process for the Preparation of Metal Oxide Nanopowders from Sodium Alginate

2012

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“…The component electrolyte may exhibit a finer sintered grain structure, and therefore a higher density of grain boundaries. Nanoparticulate compacts have the ability to sinter to high density at much lower temperatures as a result of high surface area, and exhibit high fracture toughness . These features may contribute toward enhancing the oxygen ion mobility and therefore the ionic conductivity and reducing ohmic loss in an electrochemical cell .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nanoparticu-late compacts have the ability to sinter to high density at much lower temperatures as a result of high surface area, and exhibit high fracture toughness. [5][6][7][8] These features may contribute toward enhancing the oxygen ion mobility and therefore the ionic conductivity and reducing ohmic loss in an electrochemical cell. 9 To obtain nanocrystalline pure CGO powders, various sol-gel techniques have been explored, including the use of ethylene glycol 10 and ammonium carbonate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sol‐Gel Production ofCe_0.8Gd_0.2O_1.9Nanopowders Using Sucrose and Pectin as Organic Precursors

2012

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The gadolinium‐doped ceria ( CGO ) is of great interest as oxide ion conducing solid electrolyte for intermediate and low‐temperature solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) operation. In this investigation, high‐purity nanopowders of cerium gadolinium oxide ( CGO , Ce 0.8 Gd 0.2 O 1.9) are synthesized by sol‐gel method using sucrose as an organic chelating agent and pectin for gelation. The results of this investigation indicate that the final particle size of approximately 8 nm can be obtained after calcination of the predried gel at 500°C for 2 h in ambient air. An insight in to the calcination process has been obtained by using simultaneous thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (TGA/DSC). Powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD) confirms that all samples crystallized as single phase cubic CGO powders with no trace of impurity. The mean crystallite sizes calculated from XRD analysis using Rietveld refinement method agree with the morphological features observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The nanopowders produced in this study exhibit negligible strain as indicated by Rietveld refinement procedure. The nominal composition of CGO has been found to be in excellent agreement with that determined independently using energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS) and inductively coupled plasma—atomic emission spectrometry analysis (ICP–AES). The XRD and TEM analyses indicate that there is a significant influence of calcination temperature on the crystal size, which increases with increasing temperature for a fixed annealing time.

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Sintering behaviour and ac conductivity of dense Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.9 solid electrolyte prepared employing single-step and two-step sintering process

2014

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High density sub-microcrystalline Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.9 (CGO) ceramics using an unconventional TwoStep Sintering (TSS) process have been successfully obtained. Impedance spectroscopy has been used to measure conductivity of CGO samples between 283 and 422 °C. The CGO ceramic samples sintered using TSS process have been found to deliver superior physical and electrical properties compared to those processed employing Single Step Sintering (SSS) process.

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Microwave Sintering of YSZ Electrolyte Materials for SOFC

Cited by 4 publications

References 4 publications

Novel Ion‐Exchange Process for the Preparation of Metal Oxide Nanopowders from Sodium Alginate

Novel Ion‐Exchange Process for the Preparation of Metal Oxide Nanopowders from Sodium Alginate

Sol‐Gel Production ofCe_0.8Gd_0.2O_1.9Nanopowders Using Sucrose and Pectin as Organic Precursors

Sintering behaviour and ac conductivity of dense Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.9 solid electrolyte prepared employing single-step and two-step sintering process

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Microwave Sintering of YSZ Electrolyte Materials for SOFC

Cited by 4 publications

References 4 publications

Novel Ion‐Exchange Process for the Preparation of Metal Oxide Nanopowders from Sodium Alginate

Novel Ion‐Exchange Process for the Preparation of Metal Oxide Nanopowders from Sodium Alginate

Sol‐Gel Production ofCe0.8Gd0.2O1.9Nanopowders Using Sucrose and Pectin as Organic Precursors

Sintering behaviour and ac conductivity of dense Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.9 solid electrolyte prepared employing single-step and two-step sintering process

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Sol‐Gel Production ofCe_0.8Gd_0.2O_1.9Nanopowders Using Sucrose and Pectin as Organic Precursors