Microwave Soil Heating for Controlling Ryegrass Seed Germination

Brodie, Graham; Harris, G. S.; Pasma, L.; Travers, A.; Leyson, D.; Lancaster, C.; Woodworth, J

doi:10.13031/2013.25935

Cited by 25 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…Seed susceptibility to microwave treatment is mainly attributed to the direct effect of heat transfer from the surrounding soil (Nelson ) and is entirely temperature‐dependent (Barker & Craker ). Studies have shown that soil microwave treatment can kill seeds of several species in the soil (Davis et al ; Barker & Craker ; Brodie et al ; De Wilde et al ). In our experiment, the drastic reduction of seedling emergences from a seed bank exposed to certain treatments confirms the effectiveness of soil microwave treatment in inhibiting the seedling emergence of a wide diversity of species (here, at least 31 species).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microwave soil heating reduces seedling emergence of a wide range of species including invasives

Hess

Wilde

Yavercovski

et al. 2018

Restoration Ecology

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A microwave‐based process to control invasive species (seeds and adult stages) in the field prior to plant community restoration is currently under development. We investigated the effect of four microwave treatment pairings of Power × Duration (2kW4min, 4kW2min, 2kW8min, and 4kW4min) on seedling emergence of (1) an abandoned field seed bank used as a model for various plant species and (2) seeds of three species invasive in Europe: Datura stramonium (Jimson weed), Reynoutria × bohemica (Bohemian knotweed), and Solidago gigantea (Giant goldenrod). In addition, we assessed whether nontreated seeds of these three invasive species could germinate on microwave‐treated soils. As microwave soil heating usually leads to nonhomogeneous temperatures within a sample, we also assessed whether the position of seeds in the soil during microwave treatment (center vs. edges) impacted seedling emergence. Results show that the most intensive microwave treatments (2kW8min and 4kW4min), enabling the soil to reach 85°C, are highly effective in inhibiting seedling emergence of invasive species and the seed bank. The 2kW8min treatment, combining lowest power and longest exposure, is the most effective, reducing seed bank seedling emergence by 98% compared to control. The results also reveal a species‐specific response to heat, and lower microwave effectiveness on seeds located at the soil surface, which may explain the incomplete effectiveness of intensive treatments. Our results also suggest that prior microwave soil treatment does not prevent a considerable proportion of newly arrived invasive species seeds from germinating, suggesting that this method should be followed by restoration of native plant cover.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diprose et al 1984;Nelson 1996). Furthermore, the studies subjected only a few species to the impact of microwave treatments on germination (Bebawi et al 2007;Brodie et al 2009;Sahin 2014), rather than testing a diversity of species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave soil heating reduces seedling emergence of a wide range of species including invasives

Hess

Wilde

Yavercovski

et al. 2018

Restoration Ecology

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“…Many of the earlier experiments on plant material focused on the effect of radio frequencies [33] on seeds [27]. In many cases, exposure to low energy densities resulted in increased germination and vigor of the emerging seedlings [34,35]; however, exposure to higher energy densities usually resulted in seed death [27,36,37]. The electromagnetic spectrum (adapted from [22]).…”

Section: Microwave Soil Heatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave Soil Treatment and Plant Growth

Brodie¹,

Khan²,

Gupta³

2020

Sustainable Crop Production

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Crop yield gaps can be partially overcome by soil sanitation strategies such as fumigation; however, there are fewer suitable fumigants available in the marketplace and growing concerns about chemical impacts in the environment and human food chain. Therefore, thermal soil sanitation has been considered for some time and microwave soil treatment has some important advantages over other thermal soil sanitation techniques, such as steam treatment. It is also apparent that microwave soil sanitation does not sterilize the soil, but favors beneficial species of soil biota making more nutrients available for better plant growth. From these perspectives, microwave soil treatment may become an important pre-sowing soil sanitation technology for high value cropping systems, allowing agricultural systems to better bridge the crop yield gap.

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“…Microwaves can kill a range of weed seeds in the soil [63,64,72], however fewer studies have considered the efficacy of using microwave energy to manage already emerged weed plants. Davis et al [63] considered the effect of microwave energy on bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and Honey Mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa) seedlings.…”

Section: Effect Of Microwave Heating On Seeds and Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on energy calculations for plants and seeds on the surface of sandy soil [72,76], the energy needed to kill dry seeds is an order of magnitude higher than the energy needed to kill already emerged plants. The microwave energy dose needed to kill a paddy melon or fleabane plant was approximately 350 J cm -2 (or 35 GJ ha -1 ) [77].…”

Section: Effect Of Microwave Heating On Seeds and Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Microwave Heating in Agricultural and Forestry Related Industries

Brodie¹

2012

The Development and Application of Microwave Heating

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Microwave Soil Heating for Controlling Ryegrass Seed Germination

Cited by 25 publications

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Microwave soil heating reduces seedling emergence of a wide range of species including invasives

Microwave soil heating reduces seedling emergence of a wide range of species including invasives

Microwave Soil Treatment and Plant Growth

Applications of Microwave Heating in Agricultural and Forestry Related Industries

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