At high flux-flow velocities in the mixed state of a type-II superconductor the nonequilibrium distribution of the quasiparticles is shifted to higher energies. As shown theoretically by Larkin and Ovchinnikov, a distinct signature of this nonequilibrium effect is an electronic instability, resulting in a sharp kink in the currentvoltage characteristic at a critical vortex velocity v * . From measurements of v * the quasiparticle-energy relaxation rate Ϫ1 can be found. We have measured this instability point for epitaxial c axis oriented films of La 1.85 Sr 0.15 CuO 4Ϫx and YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7Ϫ␦ . In both cuprates the observed temperature dependence of Ϫ1 could be well fitted with the function Ϫ1 ϭa exp͓Ϫ2⌬(T)/k B T͔, suggesting that the electron-electron recombination process, perhaps in combination with the emission of another excitation, is crucial. As an example of a low-T c superconductor we have also studied amorphous Mo 3 Si films and found that Ϫ1 can be fitted by a function similar to that we have used for the cuprates, again indicating the importance of the electron-electron interaction. ͓S0163-1829͑97͒07745-X͔