Mid-Infrared Laser Applications in Spectroscopy

Tittel, Frank K.; Richter, Dirk; Fried, Alan

doi:10.1007/3-540-36491-9_11

Cited by 335 publications

(245 citation statements)

References 199 publications

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“…However, since all of the material and optical aspects of hyperuniform photonic materials can be conveniently studied in the spectral region λ = 2-5 μm, we are currently not exploring such further reduction in length scales until a better understanding of the properties and spectral features has been reached. Moreover other infrared applications in this longer wavelength range, for example, in the field of low-threshold lasing [2,45], could already be targeted. …”

Section: B Progressive Reduction Of Structural Length Scalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct laser writing of three-dimensional network structures as templates for disordered photonic materials

2013

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In the present article we substantially expand on our recent study about the fabrication of mesoscale polymeric templates of disordered photonic network materials [Haberko and Scheffold, Opt. Expr. 21, 1057 (2013)]. We present a detailed analysis and discussion of important technical aspects related to the fabrication and characterization of these fascinating materials. Compared to our initial report we were able to reduce the typical structural length scale of the seed pattern from a = 3.3 μm to a = 2 μm, bringing it closer to the technologically relevant fiber-optic communications wavelength range around λ ∼ 1.5 μm. We have employed scanning electron microscopy coupled with focused ion beam cutting to look inside the bulk of the samples of different heights. Moreover, we demonstrate the use of laser scanning confocal microscopy to assess the real space structure of the samples fabricated by direct laser writing. We address in detail questions about scalability, finite size effects, and geometrical distortions. We also study the effect of the lithographic voxel shape, that is, the ellipsoidal shape of the laser pen used in the fabrication process. To this end we employ detailed numerical modeling of the scattering function using a discrete dipole approximation scheme.

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Section: B Progressive Reduction Of Structural Length Scalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct laser writing of three-dimensional network structures as templates for disordered photonic materials

2013

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“…In the mid-2000s, it was recognized that the development of ultrafast -or equivalently ultra-broadband -laser sources in the mid-IR would address a number of shortcomings encountered at visible wavelengths. For instance -continuing on spectroscopic applications [1] -the emergence of frequency comb sources accuracy the numerous absorption lines present in the mid-IR spectral range. As mentioned above, over the past few decades, the field of mid-IR has made steady progress to refine sources yet, over the last decade, the field of ultrafast mid-IR sources has spectacularly bloomed.…”

Section: Acknowledgments 24mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrashort pulse generation in the mid-IR

Pires

Baudisch

Sánchez

et al. 2015

Progress in Quantum Electronics

104

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Recent developments in laser sources operating in the mid-IR (3 -8 µm), have been motivated by the numerous possibilities for both fundamental and applied research. One example is the ability to unambiguously detect pollutants and carcinogens due to the much larger oscillator strengths of their absorption features in the mid-IR spectral region compared with the visible. Broadband sources are of particular interest for spectroscopic applications since they remove the need for arduous scanning or several lasers and allow simultaneous use of multiple absorption features thus increasing the confidence level of detection. In addition, sources capable of producing ultrashort and intense mid-IR radiation are gaining relevance in attoscience and strong-field physics due to wavelength scaling of re-collision based processes. In this paper we review the state-of-the-art in sources of coherent, pulsed mid-IR radiation. First we discuss semi-conductor based sources which are compact and turnkey, but typically do not yield short pulse duration. Mid-IR laser gain material based approaches will be discussed, either for direct broadband mid-IR lasers or as narrowband pump lasers for parametric amplification in nonlinear crystals. The main part will focus on mid-IR generation and amplification based on parametric frequency conversion, enabling highest mid-IR peak power pulses. Lastly we close with an overview of nonlinear post-compression techniques, for decreasing pulse duration to the sub-2-optical-cycle regime.

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“…The quantum cascade laser (QCL) technology has rapidly advanced during the last years, offering narrow linewidth, high power at room temperature and continuous wave (cw) operation at mid-IR wavelengths (3-24 µm) [5,6]. These features are nowadays combined with a wide collection of non-invasive optical methods for selective, sensitive and accurate analysis of NO concentrations [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectroscopic monitoring of NO traces in plants and human breath: applications and perspectives

et al. 2012

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Optical methods based on quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) are becoming popular in many life science applications. We report on two trace gas detection schemes based on continuous wave QCLs for on-line detection of nitric oxide (NO) at the sub-part-per-billion level by volume (ppbv, 1 : 10 −9 ), using wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS) and Faraday rotation spectroscopy (FRS) at 1894 cm −1 and 1875.73 cm −1 , respectively. Several technical incremental steps are discussed to further improve the sensitivity of these methods. Examples are included to demonstrate the merits of WMS-based sensor: direct monitoring of NO concentrations in exhaled breath, and from plants under pathogen attack. A simple hand-held breath sampling device that allows single breath collection at various exhalation flows (15, 50, 100 and 300 mL/s, respectively) is developed for off-line measurements and validated in combination with the WMS-based sensor. Additionally, the capability of plants to remove environmental NO is presented.

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Mid-Infrared Laser Applications in Spectroscopy

Cited by 335 publications

References 199 publications

Direct laser writing of three-dimensional network structures as templates for disordered photonic materials

Direct laser writing of three-dimensional network structures as templates for disordered photonic materials

Ultrashort pulse generation in the mid-IR

Spectroscopic monitoring of NO traces in plants and human breath: applications and perspectives

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