Mid-late Holocene environmental and cultural dynamics at the south-west tip of Europe (Doñana National Park, SW Iberia, Spain)

López‐Sáez, José Antonio; Pérez-Díaz, Sebastián; Ramírez, Antonio Rodríguez; González, Antonio Blanco; Villarías-Robles, Juan J.R.; Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger, Reyes; Jiménez‐Moreno, Gonzalo; Celestino-Pérez, Sebastián; Cuenca, Enrique Cerrillo; Pérez-Asensio, José N.; León, Ángel

doi:10.1016/j.jasrep.2018.09.014

Cited by 16 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 99 publications

(171 reference statements)

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“…CHAR values at Viñuelas mire (Figure 3) are considerably low at the beginning of the record except for the small peak at the very bottom of the sequence. Low fire activity at Viñuelas during this period is somehow unexpected, considering the dominant dry conditions [83,84]. This behavior is marked in the Kruskal-Wallis test as different, and it is coherent with the other results ( Figure A3 in Appendix A).…”

Section: Climatic Influence: From 5000-3000 Cal Bpsupporting

confidence: 84%

The Iberian Peninsula’s Burning Heart—Long-Term Fire History in the Toledo Mountains (Central Spain)

Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger

Blarquez

Pérez-Díaz

et al. 2019

Fire

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Long-term fire ecology can help to better understand the major role played by fire in driving vegetation composition and structure over decadal to millennial timescales, along with climate change and human agency, especially in fire-prone areas such as the Mediterranean basin. Investigating past ecosystem dynamics in response to changing fire activity, climate, and land use, and how these landscape drivers interact in the long-term is needed for efficient nature management, protection, and restoration. The Toledo Mountains of central Spain are a mid-elevation mountain complex with scarce current anthropic intervention located on the westernmost edge of the Mediterranean basin. These features provide a perfect setting to study patterns of late Holocene fire activity and landscape transformation. Here, we have combined macroscopic charcoal analysis with palynological data in three peat sequences (El Perro, Brezoso, and Viñuelas mires) to reconstruct fire regimes during recent millennia and their linkages to changes in vegetation, land use, and climatic conditions. During a first phase (5000–3000 cal. BP) characterized by mixed oak woodlands and low anthropogenic impact, climate exerted an evident influence over fire regimes. Later, the data show two phases of increasing human influence dated at 3000–500 cal. BP and 500 cal. BP–present, which translated into significant changes in fire regimes increasingly driven by human activity. These results contribute to prove how fire regimes have changed along with human societies, being more related to land use and less dependent on climatic cycles.

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Section: Climatic Influence: From 5000-3000 Cal Bpsupporting

confidence: 84%

The Iberian Peninsula’s Burning Heart—Long-Term Fire History in the Toledo Mountains (Central Spain)

Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger

Blarquez

Pérez-Díaz

et al. 2019

Fire

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“…ka BP (García-Alix et al, 2013). Extensive deforestation related to mining activities was also detected in the closely located Doñana National Park (López-Sáez et al, 2018), which cannot be completely confirmed by our findings (Figure 3). At Lake Medina, the time around 3 cal.…”

Section: Mid To Late Holocene (Around 55-2 Cal Ka Bp)contrasting

confidence: 65%

Unravelling the Holocene environmental history of south-western Iberia through a palynological study of Lake Medina sediments

Schröder

López‐Sáez²,

Hoff

et al. 2019

The Holocene

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Lake Medina is a small, shallow and endorheic salt lake sensitive to climate variation in south-western Spain, close to Cádiz in western Andalusia. It is located in an evaporitic and karstic environment, and a saline lake affected by highly seasonal precipitation and evaporation. Geochemical and mineralogical data of core CO1313 combined with a robust age model show variation that contributes to the understanding of palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic change. This study shows a pollen record that has been conducted on core CO1313, together with charcoal and non-pollen palynomorph analyses. The environmental and climatological history reconstruction of Lake Medina starts in early Holocene times (at 9.5 cal. ka BP) and shows intensified pasture and land use during middle-Holocene times as well as the 8.2 and 4.2 cal. ka BP abrupt climate events. Oxidation of plant remnants and resulting non-preservation at certain times reinforces the hypothesis of intense climate effects on vegetation during the 4.2 cal. ka BP climate event. Yet, oxidation of plant residues during other episodes shows other periods that were also affected by reduced precipitation. From around 2 cal. ka BP onwards, a recent trend towards aridification and enforced seasonality was detected.

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“…In the eastern hemisphere the 4.2‐ka event caused disruption or deflection of the westerlies, the Indian Summer Monsoon and the East Asian Monsoon (Weiss, ). It led to an ~250‐year widespread drought in many mid‐ and low‐latitude regions that was broken perhaps only briefly, and has been linked to synchronous societal collapse, habitat‐tracking, and eventual resettlement and reorganization across Spain (López‐Sáez et al ., ), Greece (Davis, ), Egypt (Hassan et al ., ), Palestine (Harrison, ; Weiss, ), Mesopotamia (Weiss, ), the Indus Valley (Petrie et al ., ) and China (Li et al ., ).…”

Section: The New Holocene Subdivisionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subdividing the Holocene Series/Epoch: formalization of stages/ages and subseries/subepochs, and designation of GSSPs and auxiliary stratotypes

Walker

Head

Lowe

et al. 2019

J Quaternary Science

169

104

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The Holocene, which currently spans ~11 700 years, is the shortest series/epoch within the geological time scale (GTS), yet it contains a rich archive of evidence in stratigraphical contexts that are frequently continuous and often preserved at high levels of resolution. On 14 June 2018, the Executive Committee of the International Union of Geological Sciences formally ratified a proposal to subdivide the Holocene into three stages/ages, along with their equivalent subseries/subepochs, each anchored by a Global boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP). The new stages are the Greenlandian (Lower/Early Holocene Subseries/Subepoch) with its GSSP in the Greenland NGRIP2 ice core and dated at 11 700 a b2k (before 2000 CE); the Northgrippian (Middle Holocene Subseries/Subepoch) with its GSSP in the Greenland NGRIP1 ice core and dated at 8236 a b2k; and the Meghalayan (Upper/Late Holocene Subseries/Subepoch) with its GSSP in a speleothem from Mawmluh Cave, north‐eastern India, with a date of 4250 a b2k. We explain the nomenclature of the new divisions, describe the procedures involved in the ratification process, designate auxiliary stratotypes to support the GSSPs and consider the implications of the subdivision for defining the Anthropocene as a new unit within the GTS.

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Mid-late Holocene environmental and cultural dynamics at the south-west tip of Europe (Doñana National Park, SW Iberia, Spain)

Cited by 16 publications

References 99 publications

The Iberian Peninsula’s Burning Heart—Long-Term Fire History in the Toledo Mountains (Central Spain)

The Iberian Peninsula’s Burning Heart—Long-Term Fire History in the Toledo Mountains (Central Spain)

Unravelling the Holocene environmental history of south-western Iberia through a palynological study of Lake Medina sediments

Subdividing the Holocene Series/Epoch: formalization of stages/ages and subseries/subepochs, and designation of GSSPs and auxiliary stratotypes

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