Middle and Upper Devonian stratigraphy within the Appalachian basin

Sevon, W. D.; Woodrow, Donald L.

doi:10.1130/spe201-p1

Cited by 23 publications

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“…1c). A geological age of late Fammenian (late Fa2c), roughly 363-366 Ma (Gradstein et al 2004), is suggested for the Hyner tetrapods by fossil spores of the VH (Apiculatisporites verrucosa-Vallatisporites hystricosus) zone (Marshall et al 1999;Traverse 2003), consistent with this stratigraphic level (Sevon & Woodrow 1985;Harper 1999).…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 64%

Late Devonian tetrapod habitats indicated by palaeosols in Pennsylvania

Retallack

Hunt

White

2009

JGS

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Late Devonian (Famennian) tetrapods from the Duncannon Member of the Catskill Formation, near Hyner (Pennsylvania, USA) have been found within palaeosols that offer a new line of evidence for their ancient environments. Hyner has yielded at least two fossil tetrapod species, Hynerpeton basseti and Densignathus rowei. Subhumid Vertisol palaeosols and semiarid Aridisol palaeosols alternate at Hyner, as in other Catskill Formation sedimentary cycles attributed to Milankovitch-eccentricity periods (100 ka). Tetrapods were found in palaeosols of subhumid, not semiarid, phases of 100 ka palaeoclimate cycles. In addition, palaeosols at Hyner record an unusually warm and wet climatic episode compared with other palaeosols of the Catskill Formation, and correlated with the European Annulata black shale event. Tetrapod bones are cracked and disarticulated in red palaeosols of an oxbow lake margin, as if victims of dry-season death, decay, and subaerial weathering. Vegetation-choked swales and floodplains would have afforded shelter from 3-4 m long predatory fish (Hyneria lindae) of open water, and offered food of large dead fish, small live fish, arachnids, myriapods and scorpions. If these early tetrapods lived on land at all, it was during wet seasons of feeding and breeding, rather than fatally dry seasons.

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Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 64%

Late Devonian tetrapod habitats indicated by palaeosols in Pennsylvania

Retallack

Hunt

White

2009

JGS

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“…The contents of this figure are drawn from various sources, including Sevon and Woodrow (1985), Patchen and others (1985a, b), , others (1988), Filer (1985), Frankie and others (1986a, b), Moody and others (1987a, b), Sweeney (1986), and Neal and Price (1986). Age dates assigned to stage boundaries are taken from Harland and others (1990).…”

Section: Autochthonous Appalachian Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2). In West Virginia, the Needmore passes laterally into the Huntersville Chert, which is the lateral equivalent of the Onondaga Formation (Sevon and Woodrow, 1985;Kissling and Ehrets, 1985;Patchen and others, 1985a). The top of the Onondaga is marked by the Tioga ash fall, a series of volcanic ash layers derived from the vicinity of the present Virginia Piedmont and spread throughout the Appalachian, Illinois, and Michigan basins by eastsoutheast prevailing winds (Dennison and Textoris, 1987).…”

Section: Initial Foreland Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In West Virginia, the facies assemblage of Onondaga limestone, Huntersville chert, and Needmore shale is conformably succeeded by the shales of the Hamilton Group. Basal deposition in the Hamilton Group is represented by the black Marcellus shale, first deposited in the middle Eifelian (Sevon and Woodrow, 1985). The black shales of the Marcellus are conformably succeeded by the green-gray shales of the Mahantango Formation.…”

Section: Initial Foreland Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stratigraphic effects of the Acadian orogeny in the autochthonous Appalachian basin

Hamilton-Smith¹

1993

Geological Society of America Special Papers

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The autochthonous Appalachian basin is located in western West Virginia, southern Ohio, eastern Tennessee, and eastern Kentucky. It is bounded on the east and the south by detachment fronts formed in the Alleghenian orogeny and to the west by the uplifts of the Cincinnati arch and Waverly arch. The Wallbridge unconformity of Early Devonian age corresponds to the boundary between the Tippecanoe and Kaskaskia sequences. It resulted primarily from a major eustatic drawdown but also marks the initial effects of the Acadian orogeny. Subsequent development of a foreland basin included deposits of the Needmore, Marcellus, and Mahantango shales. In the Middle Devonian, growth of this initial foreland basin was terminated by the regional Taghanic unconformity. The Taghanic unconformity was developed during a period of eustatic sea-level rise and is tectonic in origin, resulting from peripheral bulge reactivation during the Acadian orogeny. Development of a successor foreland basin followed, including deposition of the Genesee through the Ohio shales. Maximum Catskill delta progradation in the latest Devonian was followed by a period of postorogenic delta destruction, accompanied by glacio-eustatic sea-level drawdown.Recognition of two distinct foreland basins suggests that the Acadian orogeny outboard of the autochthonous Appalachian basin resulted from two distinct impacts on the continental margin. The first occurred in the Early Devonian and was relatively small. The second occurred in the Middle Devonian and was large. This interpretation requires a three-plate tectonic model. One possible interpretation would attribute the first impact to obduction of an Avalonian microcontinent and the second to collision with Gondwanaland.

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“…'s (1980a-e) Sevon and Woodrow, 1985). Rocks of the Perrysburg Formation are included in the Dunkirk shale.…”

Section: Subsurface Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Southern Extension and Reactivations of the Clarendon-Linden Fault System

Jacobi¹,

Fountain²

2007

gpq

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La néotectonique de la région des Grands LacsCet article est diffusé et préservé par Érudit.Érudit est un consortium interuniversitaire sans but lucratif composé de l'Université de Montréal, l'Université Laval et l'Université du Québec à Montréal. Il a pour mission la promotion et la valorisation de la recherche. www.erudit.org Tous droits réservés © Les Presses de l'Université de Montréal, 1993 Géographie physique et Quaternaire, 1993, vol. 47, n° 3, p. 285-302, 14 fig., 1 ABSTRACT Gas seeps located near Pike, New York, on the inferred location of the central fault of the Clarendon-Linden Fault System (CLF), were initiated during, or slightly after, the Saguenay earthquake, 1988. Analyses of the gas show that the gas seeps have a Devonian shale source, and a nearby well suggests that the source may be as deep as 330 m. Thus, CLF fractures extending to depths possibly as great as 300+ m were probably opened as a local response to the Saguenay event, allowing the gas to be vented. Published data show that the CLF extends from Lake Ontario to slightly south of Pike. Previously, there were insufficient data available to enable investigators to determine if the fault system continued farther south. Our soil gas survey and analyses of well logs indicate the CLF continues south into Allegany County, which borders the state of Pennsylvania. Closelyspaced wells suggest that the central fault of the CLF is probably a series of step faults, even in units above the Silurian evaporite section, although a monocline cannot be ruled out. Growth-fault geometries of the CLF suggest that the CLF experienced motion during the Taconic and Acadian orogenies. Isopach maps, coupled with the proposed southward extrapolation of the CLF, suggest that in Late Devonian times the CLF motion history recorded the passage of the Appalachian foreland basin axis across the CLF.RÉSUMÉ Le prolongement vers le sud du réseau de failles de Clarendon-Linden et sa réactivation. Des dégagements gazeux survenus près de Pike (État de New York), à l'emplacement supposé de la faille centrale du réseau de Clarendon-Linden (RCL), se sont produits pendant ou aussitôt après le séisme de 1988, au Saguenay. Les analyses du gaz démontrent que les fuites proviennent d'une source de shale dévonien aussi profonde que 330 m. Les fractures du RCL, atteignant plus de 300 m de profondeur, se sont vraisemblablement ouvertes en réponse au séisme du Saguenay, permettant ainsi au gaz de se dégager. Les données publiées montrent que le RCL s'étend du lac Ontario jusqu'au sud de Pike, mais on n'a pu déterminer jusqu'à maintenant si le réseau se poursuit plus au sud. Les levés sur la détection de gaz dans le sol et les analyses de données des puits indiquent que le RCL se poursuit dans le comté d'Allegany, qui borde la Pennsylvanie. À partir d'indices tirés de puits très rapprochés, on croit que la faille centrale du réseau consiste probablement en une série de failles en gradin, même dans les unités au-dessus de la section d'évaporite du Silurien, bien qu'un monoclinal n...

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Middle and Upper Devonian stratigraphy within the Appalachian basin

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

Late Devonian tetrapod habitats indicated by palaeosols in Pennsylvania

Late Devonian tetrapod habitats indicated by palaeosols in Pennsylvania

Stratigraphic effects of the Acadian orogeny in the autochthonous Appalachian basin

The Southern Extension and Reactivations of the Clarendon-Linden Fault System

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