Middle-Class Motives for Non-Medical Prescription Stimulant Use among College Students

Kerley, Kent R.; Copes, Heith; Griffin, O. Hayden

doi:10.1080/01639625.2014.951573

Cited by 42 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…A student who is perfor manceoriented may strive for a good grade in a class because it is what the student's parents want, but a student who is masteryoriented may strive for a good grade because the student wants to fully understand the topic, and the grade itself is just an unintentional beneficial outcome. If cheating and academic NPSU are both extrinsically motivated, it follows that some students reported that, because of large external pressures for academic success, their NPSU was permissible as well as defensible (Kerley, Copes, & Griffin, 2015). Staying awake to study or to increase concentration and the spike of NPSU around midterms and finals are both actions driven by desiring good grades, which is derived from external goals and rewards (GarnierDykstra et al, 2012).…”

Section: Extrinsic Motivation Affecting Cheating and Npsumentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Anxiety and Self-Efficacy on Statistics Performance: A Path Analysis

Hoegler¹,

Nelson²

2018

PsiChiJournal

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ABOUT PSI CHI Psi Chi is the International Honor So ci ety in Psychology, found ed in 1929. Its mission: "recognizing and promoting excellence in the science and application of psy chol ogy." Mem ber ship is open to undergraduates, graduate students, faculty, and alumni mak ing the study of psy chol ogy one of their major interests and who meet Psi Chi's min i mum qual i fi ca tions. Psi Chi is a member of the As so cia tion of Col lege Honor So ci et ies (ACHS), and is an affiliate of the Ameri can Psy cho logi cal As so cia tion (APA) and the Association for Psy cho log i cal Science (APS). Psi Chi's sister honor society is Psi Beta, the na tion al honor society in psychology for com mu nity and junior colleges. Psi Chi functions as a federation of chap ters located at over 1,150 senior col leg es and universities around the world. The Psi Chi Central Office is lo cat ed in Chatta nooga, Ten nessee. A Board of Directors, com posed of psy chol o gy faculty who are Psi Chi members and who are elect ed by the chapters, guides the affairs of the Or ga ni za tion and sets pol i cy with the ap prov al of the chap ters. Psi Chi membership provides two major opportunities. The first of these is ac a dem ic rec og ni tion to all in duc tees by the mere fact of mem ber ship. The sec ond is the opportunity of each of the Society's local chapters to nourish and stim u late the pro fes sion al growth of all members through fellowship and activities de signed to augment and en hance the reg u lar cur ric u lum. In addition, the Or ga ni za tion provides programs to help achieve these goals including con ven tions, research awards and grants competitions, and publication opportunities. JOURNAL PURPOSE STATEMENT The twofold purpose of the Psi Chi Journal of Psychological Research is to foster and reward the scholarly efforts of Psi Chi members, whether students or faculty, as well as to provide them with a valuable learning experience. The articles pub lished in the Journal represent the work of under graduates, graduate students, and faculty; the Journal is dedicated to increas ing its scope and relevance by accepting and involving diverse people of varied racial, ethnic, gender identity, sexual orientation, religious, and social class backgrounds, among many others. To further support authors and enhance Journal visibility, articles are now available in the PsycINFO ® , EBSCO ® , Crossref ® , and Google Scholar databases. In 2016, the Journal also became open access (i.e., free online to all readers and authors) to broad en the dissemination of research across the psychological science community.

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Section: Extrinsic Motivation Affecting Cheating and Npsumentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Anxiety and Self-Efficacy on Statistics Performance: A Path Analysis

Hoegler¹,

Nelson²

2018

PsiChiJournal

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“…Common motivations for non-prescription use of stimulants among adolescents and young adults include use for recreation (i.e., to get ‘high’) and for cognitive and academic achievement (DeSantis et al, 2010) (Kerley et al, 2015). Specifically, college students who misuse prescription stimulants are more likely to do so while studying (e.g., preparing for exams, writing papers) with the expectation that it will improve their academic performance (Rabiner et al, 2009; Weyandt et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social contextual risk factors for stimulant use among adolescent American Indians

Spillane

Weyandt

Oster

et al. 2017

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Objective Stimulants are the most common and efficacious treatment for Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). We examined the relationship between stimulant misuse and social factors that could be malleable to prevention among American Indian (AI) adolescents. Method Participants were AI students (N=3,498) sampled from 33 schools in 11 states. Participants completed the American Drug and Alcohol Survey. A multilevel analytic approach was used to evaluate the effects of participant-level (level 1) variables (i.e., gender, grade, peer, school, family, stimulant prescribed by doctor) on lifetime and current simulant use to ‘get high’. Results Nearly 7% of our sample had been prescribed stimulants and nearly 6% of the sample reported using stimulants to get high. Age [OR=1.22; 95% CI = 1.09, 1.36, p<.001], perception of peer substance use [OR=1.19; 95% CI = 1.14, 1.23, p <.001], parental monitoring [OR=.96; 95% CI = 0.92, 1.99, p=.04], and stimulants prescribed by a doctor [OR=8.79, 95% CI = 5.86, 13.18, p<.001] were associated with ever using stimulants to get high. Perception of peer substance use, [b = 0.09, SE = .02, p <.001, 95%CI [0.05, 0.13], and having stimulants prescribed by a doctor, [b = 0.58, SE = .21, p=.006, 95%CI [0.17, 0.99], were associated with frequency of past month use to get high. There was also a significant quadratic effect for parental monitoring, suggesting that low and high levels were associated with increased stimulant use. Conclusions Our results suggest a need for prevention efforts to be directed to AI youth who are prescribed stimulants.

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“…Researchers have also found that NMUPS is more normatively acceptable than nonmedical use of other prescription drugs such as prescription opioids or illicit drugs, because stimulants are often considered study aids rather than recreational drugs (DeSantis & Hane, 2010; León & Martínez, 2017). Individuals may be more willing to divert prescription stimulants than prescription opioids because they believe they are benefitting the recipient rather than promoting recreational use (Kerley, Copes, & Griffin, 2015). However, we found that a majority of people using someone else's stimulants, and people using stimulants for which they have no prescription in addition to using their own prescribed stimulants in ways other than prescribed, used stimulants to get high and endorsed more recreational than performance-enhancing motives.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, we found that a majority of people using someone else's stimulants, and people using stimulants for which they have no prescription in addition to using their own prescribed stimulants in ways other than prescribed, used stimulants to get high and endorsed more recreational than performance-enhancing motives. This suggests that interventions should try to change perceptions and norms about NMUPS and prevent prescription holders from rationalizing diversion (DeSantis & Hane, 2010;Kerley et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motives for prescription stimulant use by patterns of non-medical use

Liu

Elliott

Striley

et al. 2019

Journal of Substance Use

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Background: Understanding motivations behind non-medical use of prescription stimulants (NMUPS) is important to prevent such use. Methods: Adult participants from St. Louis, MO, who endorsed NMUPS on 5 or more days in the past 12 months (n=60) were asked about their motivations for use. Associations between motives for use and patterns of non-medical use in the past 12 months were assessed using multivariable logistic regression, controlling for demographic factors and non-medical use of other prescription drugs. Results: On average, 5.5 different motives for stimulant use were endorsed. Compared to those who only used someone else's stimulants, adults who only used stimulants other than prescribed were less likely to endorse use "to get high" (aOR=0.48, 95%CI 0.26-0.90) and more likely to endorse use "to function" (aOR=1.97, 95%CI 1.04-3.75); adults who were engaged in both patterns of NMUPS were more likely to endorse use "to function" (aOR=4.12, 95%CI 1.56-10.88) and "to modify the effects of other drugs" (aOR=2.29, 95%CI 1.13-4.61).

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Middle-Class Motives for Non-Medical Prescription Stimulant Use among College Students

Cited by 42 publications

References 26 publications

The Influence of Anxiety and Self-Efficacy on Statistics Performance: A Path Analysis

The Influence of Anxiety and Self-Efficacy on Statistics Performance: A Path Analysis

Social contextual risk factors for stimulant use among adolescent American Indians

Motives for prescription stimulant use by patterns of non-medical use

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