Middle ear of human and pig: a comparison of structures and mechanics

Hoffstetter, Marc; Lugauer, Florian; Kundu, Subir Ranjan; Wacker, Sabine; Perea-Saveedra, Héctor; Lenarz, Tomas; Hoffstetter, Patrick; Schreyer, A. G.; Wintermantel, E.

doi:10.1515/bmt.2011.011

Cited by 22 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Unlike the situation in hamster or New Zeeland rabbit (Kurtul et al, ), where the rostral process is slightly developed, in chinchilla , this process is extended, being in fact the most developed part of the malleus. Contrary to this state, the neck of the malleus is almost indistinguishable in chinchilla as in pig, rat and mouse (Hoffstetter et al, ; Mohammadpour, ) where this sector is quite elongated and clearly defined. For the measurement of the lever arm of the malleus, we note again a 10%–13% lower value than the ones published earlier (Vrettakos et al, ; Wang & Gan, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Data related to the detailed anatomy of the auditory ossicles are relatively limited. A few elements were reported in case of birds (Mills, ), different rodents (Kerber & Sánchez‐Villagra, ; Kurtul et al, ; Lee, Park, Kang, & Choung, ; Li, Gao, Ding, & Salvi, ; Maier, Tröscher, & Ruf, ; Martins et al, ; Mohammadpour, , ; Şanlı, Sedat, & Oztürk, ), humans (García‐Real, Kass, Sturges, & Wisner, ; Isaacson, ), swine (Gurr, Kevenhörster, Stark, Pearson, & Dazert, ; Hoffstetter et al, ; Pracy, White, Mustafa, Smith, & Perry, ), miniature pigs (HaiJin et al, ), sheep (Ayres Seibel, Lavinsky, & Preto De Oliveira, ; Simaei, Soltanalinejad, Najafi, & Shalizar Jalali, ), chinchilla (Vrettakos, Dear, & Saunders, ; Wang & Gan, ), cat (Beck, Kilchling, & Meyer‐Lindenberg, ; Seifert et al, ), dog (Berghes, Parvu, Cucoanes, & Cuca, ) and wolf (Gürbüz et al, ), badger (Rozen‐Rechels, Peigné, Germain, & Ladevèze, ), horse (Blanke, Aupperle, Seeger, Kubick, & Schusser, ), donkey (Awal et al, ), common degu (32) or other subterranean cavimorphes (Argyle & Mason, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological and morphometrical study of the auditory ossicles in chinchilla

Martonos

Damian

Gudea

et al. 2019

Anat Histol Embryol

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| INTRODUC TI ONThe ear (organum vestibulocochleare) is a complex sense organ that shelters a series of anatomical entities involved in the hearing process and balance. Anatomically, the ear consists of three distinctive sectors: the external ear (auris externa), the middle ear (auris media) and the internal ear (auris interna). Placed in the dorsal part of the tympanic cavity (cavum tympany), within the temporal bone, the petrosal part (os temporale, pars petrosa), the assembly of the auditory ossicles (ossicula auditus) plays an important role in the sound transmission from the tympanic membrane (membrana tympany) to the internal ear (vestibular fenestra-fenestra vestibule) ( AbstractThis study is meant to illustrate and describe the features of the auditory ossicles of the chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera), one of the species used more and more frequently in otology and ear surgery as animal model. Cephalic extremities of 12 C. lanigera individuals obtained from a private farm, where this species was bred for fur, were used in this study. The ossicles were obtained either by direct surgical harvesting by mastoid approach or after a dermestid beetle exposure followed by anatomical dissection. The three ossicles that form the assembly are the malleus, incus and stapes.After the removal of these ossicles, a series of anatomical descriptions were made, followed by seriate sets of measurements. The malleus and incus form a joined-single unit called the maleo-incal complex, with an elongated straight appearance, also due to the development of the anterior process. The handle of the malleus and the long process of incus are almost perpendicular to the main axis of the maleo-incal complex. The presence of the muscular process on the handle of the malleus is recorded.The overall shape of the incus is given by the uneven development of the two processes and the reduced neck part. The stapes is the smallest of the components that maintains the well-known architecture in accordance with the general model. The morphology of all three ossicles is backed by a series of measurements, some standard, some adapted to the morphology of the ossicles. From the very reduced comparative metrical data at our disposal, our study presents an average of 10% lower values for the ones presented earlier by other researchers in the same species. K E Y W O R D Sanatomy, auditory ossicles, chinchilla, middle ear, morphometry | 341 MARTONOS eT Al.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and morphometrical study of the auditory ossicles in chinchilla

Martonos

Damian

Gudea

et al. 2019

Anat Histol Embryol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The donkey has been the chosen one for the present research as experimental animal, many authors tried to apply that among the domestic animals, Lavinsky & Goycoolea (1997) a &b in sheep, Pracy et al (1998) in pig, in sheep, in human and sheep, Zirkle et al (2007) and Gurr et al (2009) in pig. Mean while others compared the middle ear of animals to human Hoffstetter (2011) in human in pig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical Study on the Middle Ear of Donkey (Equus acinus)

Nazih¹

2017

Int. J. Adv. Res. Biol. Sci

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Studying the anatomical features of the middle ear of donkey was significant among scanty available literatures. The work was established on 14 formalized heads and dried skulls from both sexes of healthy donkeys of different ages. The samples were intended for the bony structural examination and dissection. Extraction of the auditory ossicles was difficult due to the rigidity of the temporal bone during sawing. The article discussed the anatomical features of the middle ear, bony boundary and ossicles. Examination of the latter detected four ossicles and described their posture and their relation to right or left for forensic purposes. Our study provided a good idea about donkey's middle ear for the comparative anatomy. Although intended donkeys as training model for otosurgeons due to the normal continuity to the Eustachian tube and guttural pouch.

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“…Pigs share similarities with humans, especially in terms of the size and shape of the middle and inner ear. Thus, pigs are gaining popularity as an animal model for research in otology (Hoffstetter et al 2011;Yi et al 2014). However, to date no studies have been done on the development of stria vascularis in pigs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The morphological and functional development of the stria vascularis in miniature pigs

Guo

Yan

et al. 2017

Reprod. Fertil. Dev.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the morphological and functional development of the lateral wall of the scala media of the cochlea in miniature pigs; light and transmission electron microscopy and electrophysiology were used for this purpose. We showed that the lateral wall of the scala media of the cochlea appears at embryonic Day 21 (E21) when the cochlear duct begins to form. From E28 to E49, the lateral wall can be distinguished according to its position along the cochlea. At E56, cells in the lateral wall begin to differentiate into three different types. At E70, three cell types, marginal, intermediate and basal, can be clearly distinguished. At E91, the stria vascularis is adult-like and the organ of Corti is also morphologically mature. The average endocochlear potential measured from the second turn of the cochlea (at E98, postnatal Day 1 (P1), P13 and P30) was 71.4±2.5 (n=7), 78.8±1.5 (n=10), 77.3±2.3 (n=10) and 78.0±2.1 mV (n=10), respectively. Our results suggest that in miniature pigs the stria vascularis develops during the embryonic period, concurrent with maturation of the organ of Corti. The magnitude of the endocochlear potential reached its mature level when the stria vascularis was morphologically adult-like at E98. These findings provide a morphological and functional basis for future animal studies using the miniature pig model concerning the pathogenesis of various inner-ear diseases.

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Middle ear of human and pig: a comparison of structures and mechanics

Cited by 22 publications

References 26 publications

Morphological and morphometrical study of the auditory ossicles in chinchilla

Morphological and morphometrical study of the auditory ossicles in chinchilla

Anatomical Study on the Middle Ear of Donkey (Equus acinus)

The morphological and functional development of the stria vascularis in miniature pigs

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