Middle pleistocene humans from africa

Rightmire, G. Philip

doi:10.1007/bf02436235

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…It points out that a transposition event occurred in an African Middle Pleistocene lineage ancestral to H. sapiens and Neanderthals and some representatives of this lineage possessed mtDNA sequences similar to mtAncestor-1. Although the human evolution in the Middle Pleistocene is controversial, the possible scenario assumes that this lineage might have belonged to H. heidelbergensis or to a closely related African lineage [44], [45]. Our results fit with the models of the late divergence and the intermediate divergence of Neanderthal from their African root group but do not support the early divergence hypothesis [46].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 74%

Genome Digging: Insight into the Mitochondrial Genome of Homo

Ovchinnikov

Kholina

2010

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundA fraction of the Neanderthal mitochondrial genome sequence has a similarity with a 5,839-bp nuclear DNA sequence of mitochondrial origin (numt) on the human chromosome 1. This fact has never been interpreted. Although this phenomenon may be attributed to contamination and mosaic assembly of Neanderthal mtDNA from short sequencing reads, we explain the mysterious similarity by integration of this numt (mtAncestor-1) into the nuclear genome of the common ancestor of Neanderthals and modern humans not long before their reproductive split.Principal FindingsExploiting bioinformatics, we uncovered an additional numt (mtAncestor-2) with a high similarity to the Neanderthal mtDNA and indicated that both numts represent almost identical replicas of the mtDNA sequences ancestral to the mitochondrial genomes of Neanderthals and modern humans. In the proteins, encoded by mtDNA, the majority of amino acids distinguishing chimpanzees from humans and Neanderthals were acquired by the ancestral hominins. The overall rate of nonsynonymous evolution in Neanderthal mitochondrial protein-coding genes is not higher than in other lineages. The model incorporating the ancestral hominin mtDNA sequences estimates the average divergence age of the mtDNAs of Neanderthals and modern humans to be 450,000–485,000 years. The mtAncestor-1 and mtAncestor-2 sequences were incorporated into the nuclear genome approximately 620,000 years and 2,885,000 years ago, respectively.ConclusionsThis study provides the first insight into the evolution of the mitochondrial DNA in hominins ancestral to Neanderthals and humans. We hypothesize that mtAncestor-1 and mtAncestor-2 are likely to be molecular fossils of the mtDNAs of Homo heidelbergensis and a stem Homo lineage. The dN/dS dynamics suggests that the effective population size of extinct hominins was low. However, the hominin lineage ancestral to humans, Neanderthals and H. heidelbergensis, had a larger effective population size and possessed genetic diversity comparable with those of chimpanzee and gorilla.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 74%

Genome Digging: Insight into the Mitochondrial Genome of Homo

Ovchinnikov

Kholina

2010

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Unfortunately, fossils are extremely rare. In the Narmada Valley, a hominin calvarium has been classiWed as Homo heidelbergensis (Cameron et al, 2004;Kennedy, 2000;Rightmire, 2001), and dated via associated fauna to 250-300 kya. For the rest of prehistory in South Asia, lithic assemblages and a scattering of other artifacts have been used to deWne temporal units on the basis of technological sophistication, with reWnement contributed by relative and absolute dating methods.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The southern dispersal hypothesis and the South Asian archaeological record: Examination of dispersal routes through GIS analysis

Field

Petraglia

Lahr

2007

Journal of Anthropological Archaeology

128

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Enfin, les similarités morphologiques observées entre certains spécimens européens, africains et asiatiques du Pléisto-cène moyen [53][54][55][56][57] peuvent laisser supposer l'existence d'un unique taxon présent sur les trois continents. L'inclusion des fossiles chinois dans l'hypodigme d'H.…”

unclassified

Définition du taxon Homo heidelbergensis Schoetensack, 1908 : analyse phénétique du massif facial supérieur des fossiles du genre Homo du Pléistocène moyen

Mounier¹

2011

Bull. Mém. Soc. Anthropol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Parution en ligne, article non paginé.La découverte de nouveaux fossiles au Pléistocène moyen a entraîné la reconsidération de l'espèce Homo heidelbergensis. La morphologie particulière de la mandibule de Mauer (holotype) et l'inclusion de nombreux fossiles ne présentant pas de mandibule dans le taxon ne permettent pas l'émergence d'un consensus. L'espèce est considérée comme un taxon afro-européen ancêtre des Homo sapiens et des H. neanderthalensis ou comme un taxon européen ancêtre des Néandertaliens. La validité de l'espèce est souvent contestée, et la diagnose de 1908 ne permet pas l'attribution de nouveaux spécimens au taxon. Nous testons la validité d'H. heidelbergensis grâce à une approche phénétique menée sur le massif facial supérieur de 27 fossiles et 94 Hommes de l'Holocène. Trente-trois caractères morphologiques codés sont analysés pour obtenir des groupes de spécimens et quantifier leur description par des caractères morphologiques statistiquement significatifs. Les résultats soutiennent l'existence d'une espèce valide, distincte des autres taxons du genre Homo et définie par une liste de caractères sur le massif facial supérieur. Ce taxon inclut des fossiles africains et européens du Pléistocène moyen et pourrait représenter l'espèce ancestrale d'H. neanderthalensis et d'H. sapiens. La mandibule de Mauer peut être intégrée à l'hypodigme de ce taxon, H. heidelbergensis est donc le nomen approprié pour le désigner. Nous proposons une liste de traits morphologiques diagnostiques sur le massif facial supérieur. Pou

show abstract

Middle pleistocene humans from africa

Cited by 7 publications

References 30 publications

Genome Digging: Insight into the Mitochondrial Genome of Homo

Genome Digging: Insight into the Mitochondrial Genome of Homo

The southern dispersal hypothesis and the South Asian archaeological record: Examination of dispersal routes through GIS analysis

Définition du taxon Homo heidelbergensis Schoetensack, 1908 : analyse phénétique du massif facial supérieur des fossiles du genre Homo du Pléistocène moyen

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About