Midgut cells alteration in gamma-irradiated beetles (Blaps polycresta, Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Kheirallah, Dalia A.; El-Samad, Lamia M.

doi:10.1590/1519-6984.217010

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…According to Kheirallah and El-Samad (2016) who announced that gamma radiation induced damaging genotoxic effects on enzyme molecules, and the reduction in protease, lipase and amylase activities reported by Boshra (2007) on gamma irradiated Ephestia cautella larvae; Farghaly et al (2017) on G. mellonella larvae irradiated with LD 40 (500.7547 Gy) and Abdalla et al (2019) on Tribolium confusum irradiated adults so the increase in total protein, lipids and glucose in larvae irradiated with 100Gy might be owed to the reduction in the activities of the enzymes by this dose. The reduction of the total protein, lipids and glucose in larvae irradiated with 200 and 300Gy was due to the direct effect of gamma radiation on their molecules by breaking the bonds (El-Naggar 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Some Gamma-Irradiated Hosts on Bracon Brevicornis Wesmael Parasitism and Production

2023

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate how irradiated hosts affected the mass rearing of the ectoparasitoid Bracon brevicornis Wesmael. To investigate the development of B. brevicornis stages on three hosts; full-grown larvae of Pectinophora gossypiella, Galleria mellonella, and Spodoptera litoralis were irradiated with 100, 200, and 300 Gy. The use of 100Gy in irradiating P. gossypiella and G. mellonella produced utilization in promoting parasitism and adult emergence of B. brevicornis, with parasitism percentages of 77.00% and 80.00% for P. gossypiella and G. mellonella, respectively, when compared to control larvae or other irradiated doses. The results of the biochemical experiments showed that G. mellonella > P. gossypiella > S. littoralis was the order of the insects in terms of total protein, lipids, and glucose. It could be concluded that using 100Gy irradiated P. gossypiella and G. mellonella larvae would aid in improving B. brevicornis mass production and the effectiveness of B. brevicornis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Some Gamma-Irradiated Hosts on Bracon Brevicornis Wesmael Parasitism and Production

2023

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“…Overall, our results are insufficient to determine whether radiation treatment can be associated with a loss of specific Wolbachia -controlled biological activities such as pathogen interference. Wolbachia endosymbionts mainly exert their limiting action on arbovirus dissemination in the bodies of Aedes species by acting in the midgut [ 69 ], and similar to ovarian cells, midgut cells are characterized by intense mitotic activity, and their structure and physiology have been previously shown to be affected by radiation [ 64 , 70 ]. Therefore, Wolbachia and the related host–symbiont mechanisms of regulation may be affected by radiation in these tissues as well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased biting rate and decreased Wolbachia density in irradiated Aedes mosquitoes

et al. 2022

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Background Releasing considerable numbers of radiation-sterilized males is a promising strategy to suppress mosquito vectors. However, releases may also include small percentages of biting females, which translate to non-negligible numbers when releases are large. Currently, the effects of irradiation on host-seeking and host-biting behaviors have not been exhaustively investigated. Information is also lacking regarding the effects of sterilizing treatment on the endosymbiotic bacterium Wolbachia, which is known to affect the vector competence of infected mosquitos. Methods To ascertain the effects of irradiation on females, the pupae of two Aedes albopictus strains, differing in their natural or artificial Wolbachia infection type, and Aedes aegypti—which is not infected by Wolbachia—were treated with various doses of X-rays and monitored for key fitness parameters and biting behavior over a period of 2 weeks. The effect of radiation on Wolbachia was investigated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis. Results Partial Aedes albopictus female sterility was achieved at 28 Gy, but the number of weekly bites more than doubled compared to that of the controls. Radiation doses of 35 and 45 Gy completely inhibited progeny production but did not significantly affect the survival or flight ability of Ae. albopictus females and caused a tripling of the number of bites per female per week (compared to untreated controls). These results were also confirmed in Ae. aegypti after treatment at 50 Gy. Wolbachia density decreased significantly in 45-Gy-irradiated females, with the greatest decreases in the early irradiation group (26 ± 2-h-old pupae). Wolbachia density also decreased as adults aged. This trend was confirmed in ovaries but not in extra-ovarian tissues. FISH analysis showed a strongly reduced Wolbachia-specific fluorescence in the ovaries of 13 ± 1-day-old females. Conclusions These results suggest that, under sterile insect technique (SIT) programs, the vector capacity of a target population could increase with the frequency of the irradiated females co-released with the sterile males due to an increased biting rate. In the context of successful suppression, the related safety issues are expected to be generally negligible, but they should be conservatively evaluated when large-scale programs relying on imperfect sexing and high overflooding release ratios are run for long periods in areas endemic for arboviral diseases. Also, the effects of irradiation on the vector competence deserve further investigation. Graphical Abstract

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“…Overall, our results are insu cient to determine whether radiation treatment can be associated with a loss of speci c Wolbachia-controlled biological activities such as pathogen interference. Wolbachia endosymbionts mainly exert their limiting action on arbovirus dissemination in the bodies of Aedes species by acting in the midgut [69], and similar to ovarian cells, midgut cells are characterized by intense mitotic activity and their structure and physiology have been previously shown to be affected by radiation [64,70]. Therefore, Wolbachia and the related host-symbiont mechanisms of regulation may be affected by radiation in these tissues as well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Biting Rate and Decreased Wolbachia Density in Irradiated Aedes Mosquitoes

Moretti

López-Knowles

Damiani

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Releasing considerable numbers of radiation-sterilized males is a promising strategy to suppress mosquito vectors. However, releases may also include small percentages of biting females which translate to large numbers when releases are large.Currently, the effects of irradiation on the host-seeking and host-biting behaviors have not been exhaustively investigated. Information is also lacking regarding the effects of sterilizing treatment on the endosymbiotic bacterium Wolbachia, which is known to affect the vector competence of infected mosquitos.Methods: To ascertain the effects of irradiation on females, the pupae of two Aedes albopictus strains, differing in their natural or artificial Wolbachia infection type, and Ae. aegypti—which is not infected by Wolbachia—were treated with various doses of X-rays and monitored for key fitness parameters and biting behavior over a period of two weeks. The effect of radiation on Wolbachia was investigated by qPCR and FISH analysis.Results: Partial Ae. albopictus female sterility was achieved at 28 Gy but the number of weekly bites more than doubled compared to that of the controls. Radiation doses of 35 and 45 Gy completely inhibited progeny production but did not significantly affect the survival or flight ability of Ae. albopictus females and caused a tripling of the number of bites per female per week (compared to untreated controls). These results were also confirmed in Ae. aegypti after treatment at 50 Gy. Wolbachia density decreased significantly in 45-Gray-irradiated females, with the greatest decreases in the early irradiation group (26±2-hour-old pupae). Wolbachia density also decreased as adults aged. This trend was confirmed in ovaries but not in extra-ovarian tissues. FISH analysis showed a strongly reduced Wolbachia-specific fluorescence in the ovaries of 13±1-day-old females.Conclusions: These results suggest that, under SIT programs, the vector capacity of a target population could increase with the frequency of the irradiated females co-released with the sterile males due to an increased biting rate. In the context of a successful suppression, the related safety issues could be generally negligible, but they should be conservatively evaluated when large scale programs relying on imperfect sexing and high overflooding release ratios are run for long time in areas endemic for arboviral diseases. Also, the effects of irradiation on the vector competence deserve further investigation.

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Midgut cells alteration in gamma-irradiated beetles (Blaps polycresta, Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Cited by 8 publications

References 37 publications

Impact of Some Gamma-Irradiated Hosts on Bracon Brevicornis Wesmael Parasitism and Production

Impact of Some Gamma-Irradiated Hosts on Bracon Brevicornis Wesmael Parasitism and Production

Increased biting rate and decreased Wolbachia density in irradiated Aedes mosquitoes

Increased Biting Rate and Decreased Wolbachia Density in Irradiated Aedes Mosquitoes

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