Midkine and secondary neurulation

Griffith, May

doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9926(199704)55:4<213::aid-tera1>3.0.co;2-1

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Whereas the form of N-CAM with a low sialic acid content has been implicated in primary neurulation, the highly sialated form has been suggested to be important for the mesenchymal to epithelial transition of secondary neurulation (Griffith et al, 1992;Sunshine et al, 1987). The secreted protein, midkine, has been implicated in the mesenchymal to epithelial transition during formation of the chick secondary neural tube (Griffith, 1997). Mesenchymal to epithelial transitions also occur during formation of other hollow structures.…”

Section: Secondary Neurulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies of vertebrate neurulation and a re-evaluation of teleost neural tube formation

Lowery

Sive

2004

Mechanisms of Development

220

196

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The vertebrate neural tube develops by two distinct mechanisms. Anteriorly, in the brain and future trunk (cervicothoracic) region, 'primary neurulation' occurs, where an epithelial sheet rolls or bends into a tube. Posteriorly, in the future lumbar and tail region, the neural tube forms by 'secondary neurulation', where a mesenchymal cell population condenses to form a solid rod that undergoes transformation to an epithelial tube. Teleost neurulation has been described as different from that of other vertebrates. This is principally because the teleost trunk neural tube initially forms a solid rod (the neural keel) that later develops a lumen. This process has also been termed secondary neurulation. However, this description is not accurate since the teleost neural tube derives from an epithelial sheet that folds. This best fits the description of primary neurulation. It has also been suggested that teleost neurulation is primitive, however, both primary and secondary neurulation are found in groups with a more ancient origin than the teleosts. The similarity between neurulation in teleosts and other vertebrates indicates that this group includes viable models (such as the zebrafish) for understanding human neural tube development.

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Section: Secondary Neurulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies of vertebrate neurulation and a re-evaluation of teleost neural tube formation

Lowery

Sive

2004

Mechanisms of Development

220

196

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“…The gradual restriction of the expression to brains, epithelial tissues and embryonic mesoderms demonstrated that MK may also play some specific roles in neurogenesis, cell migration, generation of epithelial tissue and remodeling of mesoderm. More recently, the MK role involved in the mesenchymal-neuroepithelial conversion process has been proved (Griffith, 1997). MK expression in chick embryos was inhibited by sub-blastodermal injection with antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs).…”

Section: Biological Functions Of Mk and Research Needs Mk Is Involvedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Midkine, A New Heparin‐Binding Growth/Differentiation Factor: Expression and Distribution during Embryogenesis and Pathological Status

Sun

Fukui

1998

Congenital Anomalies

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Midkine (MK) is a 13 kDa heparin‐binding growth factor found as a product of a retinoic acid‐responsive gene. MK is rich in basic amino acids and cysteine and its sequence is not homologous with any other proteins so far reported, so it is a new family of heparin‐binding growth factor. It has been found that MK exerts variety of biological activities such as neurite‐promoting, neuronal cell survival and differentiation‐inducing activities. MK is strictly expressed during the mouse embryogenesis; among the adult organs, it is detected only in the kidney. MK is also strongly expressed in a number of human carcinomas and specifically localized in senile plaques in the brain of patients with Arzheimer disease. More recently, it has been reported that MK is an important molecule regulating inflammation response and tissue repair. These results demonstrated that the relevance of MK not only in normal development, but also in processes leading to tissue repair or diseases. Increased MK gene expression is a common phenomenon observed in many human carcinomas, therefore MK is of significant interest in cancer biology. As a new growth/differentiation factor, many issues including the detailed sites and the precise time of MK expression, the exact cellular source which synthesizes and secretes MK, the signal transducing receptors for MK, the mechanisms underlying those developmentally regulated expression and its potential clinical significance still remain unknown. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of MK action will lead not only to a deeper understanding of developmental processes, but also to the ultimate obtaining a key to diagnose and treat human carcinomas.

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Retinoic acid, midkine, and defects of secondary neurulation

Griffith

Zile

2000

Teratology

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Midkine and secondary neurulation

Cited by 9 publications

References 33 publications

Strategies of vertebrate neurulation and a re-evaluation of teleost neural tube formation

Strategies of vertebrate neurulation and a re-evaluation of teleost neural tube formation

Midkine, A New Heparin‐Binding Growth/Differentiation Factor: Expression and Distribution during Embryogenesis and Pathological Status

Retinoic acid, midkine, and defects of secondary neurulation

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